mega plant exam 3

Columella cells in roots are involved in sensing gravity.

A. true

B. false

A. true

There is only a single circadian clock within organisms, even if they’re multicellular.

A. true

B. false

B. false

Opposed to summer annuals, winter annuals require vernalization to flower at the appropriate time

A. true

B. false

A. true

All female flowers requiring cross-pollination to be fertilized display the same characteristics regardless of how they rely on pollen transmissions.

A. true

B. false

B. false

Soil comes from weathered rocks

A. true

B. false

A. true

The suspension/pausing/halting of plant growth during a prolonged period of cold temperatures is called dormancy.

a. True

b. False

A. true

An angiosperm flower can contain more than one carpel, but only one pistil.

A. true

B. false

B. false

Like leaves on woody eudicots, needles on pine trees last one growing season and are released from the tree each fall/winter A. true

B. false

B. false

Svalbard Global Seed Vault stores seed germplasm contributed from gene banks around the world. They type of seeds they stores:

A. From plants only grown in Norway

B. orthodox

C. unorthodox/ recalcitrant

B. orthodox

Mark the correct use of terms listed below.

a. Alleles are synonymous with chromosomes, and locus is the location of kinetochores on chromosomes

b. Alleles are all forms of a specific gene, and locus is the location of these alleles on homologous chromosomes

c. Loci are all forms of a specific gene, and allele is the location of these loci on homologous chromosomes

B. Alleles are all forms of a specific gene, and locus is the location of these alleles on homologous chromosomes

Three gymnosperm phyla Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyts and Gnetopphyta all have the following flower characteristics: in common.

A. contain imperfect flowers, and are monoecious

B. contain imperfect flowers, and are dioecious

C. contain perfect flowers

B. contain imperfect flowers, and are dioecious

pine needles and eudicot leaves are similar yet different identify the difference noted in pine needles

A. Lack epidermis

B. Lack minor venation

C. Lack resin canal/ducts

D. Lack vascular bundles

B. Lack minor venation

*one way plants can detect photoperiod is through phytochrome and the ratio of Pfr to Pr. Mark the correct statement in this regard.

a. Pfr is active, and how much is left at daybreak helps determine photoperiod

b. Pr is active, and how much is left at daybreak helps determine photoperiod

c. When both are at equal amounts, Pfr and Pr form an active duplex protein that helps determine photoperiod

d. The ratio of inactive Pfr and active Pr helps determine photoperiod

A. Pfr is active, and how much is left at daybreak helps determine photoperiod

The integument layer of the ovule become:

A. Endosperm

B. Megaspore mother cell

C. Pollen

D. Seed coat

D. seed coat

There are seeds classified as albuminous and exalbuminous. provide the correct classification for seeds of these two plants discussed in class.

A. Corn (maize) is albuminous, garden beans is exalbuminous

B. Corn (maize) is exalbuminous, garden beans is albuminous

C. Both are albuminous

D. Both are exaluminous

B. Corn (maize) is exalbuminous, garden beans is albuminous

In condensing chromosomal DNA, a number of terms were discussed. Identify their correct descriptions

A. DNA wound around chromatin are called histones

B. DNA wound around nucleosomes are called histones

C. DNA wound around histones are called chromatin

D. DNA wound around Nucleosomes are called chromatin

C. DNA wound around histones are called chromatin

Both Angiosperms and gymnosperms use male gametophytes to fertilize (also called nuclear fusion) female gametophytes. Mark the correct statement regarding this.

A. Angiosperms undergo single fertilization, gymnosperms undergo double fertilization

B. Angiosperms undergo double fertilization, gymnosperms undergo single fertilization

C. both undergo single fertilization

D. Both undergo double fertilization

B. Angiosperms undergo double fertilization, gymnosperms undergo single fertilization

Complete/perfect flowers contain four concentric rings or organs: petals, pistil, sepals, and stamens. Identify their pattern of formation and fertility status

A. Formed starting with inner ring of first organ with additional organs developing outward, all components are fertile

B. Formed stating with inner ring of first organ with additional organs developing outward, two components are fertile

C. Formed starting with outer ring of first organ with additional organs developing inward, all components are fertile

B. Formed stating with inner ring of first organ with additional organs developing outward, two components are fertile

Which type of seed-bearing plant contains the specimen that is tallest on earth?

A. angiosperm

B. Bryophyte

C. Gymnosperm

D. Pteridophyte

C. Gymnosperm

When one diploid cell undergoes meiosis, the net yeild is:

A. two diploid cells

B. two hapoild cells

C. four diploid cells

D. Four haploid cells

D. four haploid cells

identify the term for the type of seed that, when it germinates, leaves its cotyleons underground (don’t emerge about ground)

A. epigeous

B. Hypogenous

C. Perigeous

D. Trypsoeous

B. Hypogeous

Phototropism occurs in accumulation of what type of hormone on the dark side of the stem

A. Abscisic Acid

B. Auxin

C. cytokinin

D. ethylene

E. giberellin

B. Auxin

The suspensor of the embryo:

A. Develops into protoderm

B. develops into RAM

C. develops into SAM

D. Transfers nutrients from mother tissue

In embryo development, identify the cell division that establishes polarity

A. First

B. second

C. third

D. Fourth

Regarding a plant’s genotpe, identify the individual that is heterozygous for a given trait

A. TT

B. Tt

C. tt

B. Tt

Regarding the above question, if T conveys complete dominance and is responsible for purple flowers, the heterozygote will have:

A. Purple flowers

B. Pink flowers

C. White flowers

Regarding #26, the phsical appearance of this plant (visualized traits) is called its:

A. Dominant allele

B. Genotype

C. phenotype

D. Prototype

True or false: Plants can not adjust to the external environment.

A. true

B. false

B. false

Which of the following describes tropism?

A. Stem growth/movement in response to a stimulus light

B. roots grow/ more toward gravity

C. Growth response of vending/curving plant organ toward or away from an external stimulus

D. shoots move away from gravity

E. none of the above

C growth response of bending/ curving plant organ toward or away from an external stimulus

Which of the following describes phototropism?

A. Stem growth/movement in response to a stimulus light

B. roots grow/ more toward gravity

C. Growth response of vending/curving plant organ toward or away from an external stimulus

D. shoots move away from gravity

E. none of the above

A. Stem growth/movement in response to a stimulus light

Which of the following describes Gravitropism?

A. Stem growth/movement in response to a stimulus light

B. roots grow/ more toward gravity where shoots grow away from gravity.

C. Growth response of vending/curving plant organ toward or away from an external stimulus

D. shoots move toward from gravity

E. none of the above

B. roots grow/ more toward gravity where shoots grow away from gravity.

Which of the following describes Thigmotropism?

A. Stem growth/movement in response to a stimulus light

B. roots grow/ more toward gravity

C. Growth response of vending/curving plant organ toward or away from an external stimulus

D. Response to contact with solid object where roots can grow/ navigate around obstacles

E. none of the above

D. Response to contact with solid object where roots can grow/ navigate around obstacles

Which of the following describes Heliotropism (solar tracking)

A. A form of tropism, but growth is not stimulated, just movement

B. roots grow/ more toward gravity

C. Growth response of vending/curving plant organ toward or away from an external stimulus

D. Response to contact with solid object where roots can grow/ navigate around obstacles

A. A form of tropism, but growth is not stimulated, just movement

True or false: During Phototropism, intact shoot tip (ST) is needed for auxin movement

A. true

B. false

A. true

Fill in: In Gravitropism, _______ Auxin Concentration on _____ side of stem stimulates cell growth and elongation (in light)

A. Higher, Lower

B. Lower, higher

C. Lower, lower

D. higher, higher

A. Higher, lower

When describing Nycnastic, which of the following is true

A. Movement of roots in day vs. night

B. movement of leaves in wet vs. dry

C. Movement of roots in wet vs. dry

D. movement of leaves in day vs. night

D. movement of leave in day vs. night

True or false: In heliptropism only the leaf and flower moves

A. true

B. false

A. true

True or false: The circadian rhythms are in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

A. true

B. false

B. false

Which of the following is not part of what the circadian rhythms can do?

A. Photosynthestic activity

B. flower or leaf opening

C. Frangrance emission

D. Stomatal movement

E. all of the above

E. all of the above

True or false: The circadian clock needs o be reset after each cycle

A. true

B. false

B. false

Which of the following is not true about photoperiodism?

A. Day- neutral plans

B. 12 hour cycle

C. biological response to light: dark proportion in a 24-hour cycle

D. none of the above

B. 12 hour cycle

true or false: In dormancy to resume growth (dormancy broken), endogenous inhibitors must be removed/ neutralized

A. true

B. false

A. true

Which of the following terms describes:

the uptake of raw materials required for essential biochemical processes.

A. Photosynthesis

B. Calvin cycle

C. Plant nutrition

C. plant nutrition

How many elements have been identified in plants

A. 97

B. 6

C. 2

D. 60

D. 60

which of the following is not a element deficiency

A. zero color

B. stunted growth

C. Chlorotic: Chl deficient

D. Necrotic: localized death

A. zero color

How many elements make up earth?

A. 4

B. 60

C. 92

D. 0

C. 92

Where does soil come from?

A. sand

B. weathered rocks

C. plastic and buildup

B. weathered rocks

Which of the following is described by where the soil comes from:|
exposure to clime over time

A. Movement

B. Size gradations

C. Natural breakdown

C, natural breakdown

Which of the following is described by:

This soil is alive with roots, microbes, insects, small mammals, and microorganisms.

A. Horizon (subsoil

B. Bedrock

C. Horizon (soil base

D. Horizon (topsoil)

D. Horizon (topsoil)

Which of the following is described by:

Region of deposition (iron oxide, clay particles) leached from A Less organic material and less weathered than A slow

A. Horizon (subsoil

B. Bedrock

C. Horizon (soil base

D. Horizon (topsoil) t

A. Horizon (subsoil

Which of the following is described by:

Broken-down and weathered rocks and minerals from which true soil is formed

A. Horizon (subsoil

B. Bedrock

C. Horizon (soil base

D. Horizon (topsoil) t

C. horizon (soil base)

True or false: Most organisms can use free nitrogen

A. True

B. false