Biology - Module 10: Plants

Perennial

Plants that live for many years.

Carpel

The female reproductive structures of a flower.

tips

Plants grow from the tips of roots and shoots not from the center.

Annual

Plants that go through their life cycle in 1 year.

Xylem

Vascular tissue that moves water up from the roots.

Dicot

One of the two types of angiosperms that have seeds with two cotyledons.

Generations

The term that indicates that plants pass through a haploid and a diploid stage is alternation of generations.

Stamen

Sexual reproductive organs of an angiosperm.

Sperm

Bryophytes need a moist environment so their sperm can swim.

Ferns

Land plants that need a very moist environment and do not have an organized vascular system or seeds.

Wind

Environmental means of pollinating plants; also useful for spreading seeds.

Roots

Modification of these include food storage.

Petal

Colorful display part of the flower.

Gymnosperms

Plants which contain a vascular system and seeds but no flowers.

Angiosperms

Flowering plants.

Sepal

Protects the flower, found under the petals.

Pollination

The process in an angiosperm in which sperm travel to the ovules often helped by insects.

Cones

Male and female cones are important for sexual reproduction in gymnosperms.

Fruit

In angiosperms, the ovary often develops into a fleshy sugar-rich fruit.

Phloem

Vascular tissue that moves glucose down from the leaves.

Ovules

Once fertilized, they will develop into seeds.

Sporophyte

The diploid generation of a plant.

Monocots

One of the two types of angiosperms that have seeds with one cotyledon.

Stems

Modifications of these include stolon (runners) which propagate the plant asexually.

Seed

The embryo of the plant.