Nutrition Nails Part 1

Individuals with hyperteansion should consume foods rich in which of the following nutrients?

Potassium

Which lifestyle factor is a powerful risk factor associated with heart disease?

Obesity

Which of the following steps should you take to reduce your risk of devleopping cardiovasicualr disease?

Consume Food high in soluble fibre

Beef steak that is pan-fried to well done is probably less carcinogenic than beef consumed raw

False

Why do women require substantly higher amounts of fat tissue than men?

For reproduction

Weight loss of 4.5kg (10 lbs) signifcantly lowers blodd pressure?

true

How many addiatonal calories per day does an obese pregant women require during the second trimester?

340kcal

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for pregant women?

Double the intake of calcium rich foods to increase the availabilty of calcium for skeletal growth of the fetus

Saturated fats are:

All of the Above

The reduction in numbers of infants born with neural tube defects in Newfoundland and Labrador has declined by approximately 85% since the mid 1990’s; this decline is almost double the average rate of decline across Canada

True

What is the first tissue to respond when the blood glucose level rises after a meal?

Pancreas

A food lists amounts of the following nutrients: 5 grams of carbohydrates, 15 grams simple sugars, 5 grams protein, 10 grams fat. Which of the following is true:

The greatest amount of calories is derived from fat

 Sucrose is a disaccharide comprised of glucose and fructose bonded together.

true

 Infants who develop food allereiges to milk, soy, egg or wheat are likely to outgrow the allergy in childhood.

true

 A preson who is identified as pre-diabetic can make lifestyle changes to avoid diabetes, but once Type 2 diabetes is diagnoised, it is not reversible.

false

Calcium in breast milk comes from the mother’s skeleton,Therefor women who have a family history of osteoprosis should not breastfeed because it increases the risk of hip fractures in later life.

false

What is commonly used to diet to specifically lower high blood pressure?

Dietary Approaches to stop hypertension

 It is currently estimated that _________ of adults in Newfoundland have diabetes or prediabetes.

Approx 30%

According to Canada’s Food Guide, which of the following food items should fill half of your plate at meals?

Peas and Carrots

Which of the following foods is a good source of healthy fatty acids?

Both and c ( Peanuts and tree nuts, avocado and olive oil)

What is the best approach to weight loss

Reduce energy intake and exercise moderately

Components in food may be cancer causing, cancer-promoting, or protective against cancer.

true

What protects heart health by carrying cholestrol away from the cells to the liver for other uses or for disposal?

High protein lipoprotein (HDL)

What is the recommended percentage of calories from total fat in the diet each day?

<30%

what does “oral tolerence” mean when we used in the context of infant feeding?

It refers to the situation where the infant’s immune system recognized food proteins or peptides as a safe and does not react, so a food allergy does not occur

Which of the following is true for an athlete who runs 3-4 times per week for 30 mins?

They do not nedd extra protein, so they should just focus on eating more plant food proteins

Regular physical activity is a critical lifestyle factor for risk reduction for cancers.

true

 Which of the following statements is true for food guide recommendations for indigenous populations including Nothern cultures?

All country foods are healthy wheras not all store-bought foods are healthy

 Which of the following is NOT true with respect to Vitamin D

Exposure to only 15 minutes of sunhshine will provide enough Vitamin D for a week

You have a friend who went on a keto diet and lost a significant amount of weight in months. Based on scientific evidence, which of the following is NOT true?

Their metabolism changed such that lower insulin relase led to less fat deposition, even with a higher caloric intake from fat and protein

Sugar intake is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes, regardless of total calorie intake or body weight status.

false

The average 19-30 year old male in Newfoundland eats about 4200 mg of sodium compared to the recommended healthy intake for 1500mg. Which food likely contributes the most total sodium to thier diet?

Bread

Linoleic (C18:2 omega-6) acid and alpha-linoleic (C18:3 omega-3) acid are the only two essential fatty acids, therefore requried by humans to be consumed iin their diet.

true

If you are pregant and obese, it is recommended you do not gain any more weight during your pregnancy, to avoid adverse pregnancy outcomes including premature births and complications associated with delivery of large infants.

false

Which of the following is the LEAST likely reason a vegetarian diet may be more heatlhful than the current typical Canadian diet?

Higher in iron

What is the reason for a pregant woman's increased need for omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids?

Fetal Brain Development

Which nutrients is thought to help prevent dementia by lowering plasma homocysteine?

Vitamin B12

The end products of digestion (that is the form in which they are absorbed) of dietary carbohydrate and fat are:

Monosaccharides, Fatty acids

Which of the following parameters is NOT used to calculate the Framingham Risk Score to estimate a person’s risk of heart disease?

Body Mass index

Examples of complementary protein combinations include all of the following EXECPT:

Pasta with tomato sauce

Type 2 diabetes can be descirbed by which of the following characteristics?

The body’s cells resist insulin’s action

Which of the following animal-derived foods contains significant amount of carbohydrates?

milk

How many kcal per kilogram of body weight per day are required by infants in early life?

100

 An example of use of the DRI tolerable upper limit (UL) recommendation is:

To determine a safe level of Vitamin D fortification in milk

Which of the following behaviours can help athletes achieve bigger muscles?

Exercising vigorously

Data arising from large populations studies of vitamin D status suggested that vitamin D was protective against a variety of chronic diseases, including breast cancer. This led to some health agencies recommending very high amount of of vitamin D as supplements. As time passed, more recent prospective studies and interventions trials have not supported the importance of very high vitamin D intakes; only women with very low vitamin D on the blood appear to be at a greater risk for breast cancer. Which of the following statements accurately describes the research and the evidence?

B and C are both accurate (Prosective studies are more reliable than population studies, because the data of the vitamin D intake (and sunlight exposure) are collected before cancer is diagnosed, Large vitamin D supplement intervention trials include a control (placebo) group providedvery reliable data about the relationship between vitamin D intake and protection against breast cancer; researchers can be confident in determining cause and effect, rather than just associations)

Following the initial lesion or damage, what is a major contributor to atheroscirotic plaque accumulation in the artery walls?

An inflammatory response within intima

People with a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa recognize that thier body weight may be dangerously low, but continue to refuse food as a means of rebelling against authority

false

Which of the following statements describe the “Mediterranean diet?”

All of the above describe the Mediteranean diet (It is dietary pattern that encourages a high intake of vegetables, fruits and whole grain foods, and de-emphasizes red meat consumption

1. An active lifestyle is a key concept of the health benefits assoicted with the diet.

2. Eating fish and seafood at least twice a week is component of the diet pattern

3. Moderate intake of wine is recommended as part of the mediterranean diet pattern

4. A,B and C describe the Mediterranean diet

On a per kg body weight basis, the BMR for men is greater than woman because:

Women on average have a higher percentage of body fat