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They restricted travel out of their area due to suspicion of outsiders
Sparta
They encouraged travel and trade because they were close to the aegean sea
Athens
The birthplace of democracy
Athens
Had a oligarchy( the rule of a few)
Sparta
Their main law making body was a assembly where all citizens met and discussed stuff
Athens
women did not participate in politics
Both!
had a class of slaves/helots who did their work while they spent their time training in the military.
sparta
women had no rights
Athens
women had some rights
sparta
strong NAVY
Athens
Strong ARMY
Sparta
Taught reading, writing, math, music, poetry, philosophy and more in schools or academies.
Athens
boys taken from parents at age 7 to start training for life in the military. Learned the art of warfare and survival skills.
sparta
Military camp for only two years from age 18-20.
Athens
Age 20, placed in ranks of military and at age 30, could marry but still lived in army housing.
sparta
Education was important to the people of this city-state as they believed their government was dependent on having well-prepared citizens. Educated citizens would result in a stronger government.
Athens
Girls received little to no education - only taught spinning, weaving and other household duties.
Athens
Girls educated in subjects and could participate in gymnastics and other sports. This was thought to produce strong, healthy babies.
Sparta
Women enjoyed freedoms - could move around, own property and looked over property when husband was away.
Sparta
Women were kept at home and considered property of their husbands
Athens
Simple Lifestyle - no luxuries
sparta
democracy with the rule of the people
athens
Enjoyed luxuries and foods from all over their empire due to their ability to travel and trade.
athens
Emphasis on developing culture → art, education, architecture, drama/theater, science, philosophy and more.
athens
What was the terrain like in Greece?
Lots of mountains and many rocky areas.
How did the seas play a part for the Greeks?
They provided safe harbor for ships, allowed them to trade and spread ideas.
How did the geography, primarily the mountains, play a part in the development of the polis
Gave the city state isolation and made them more independent.
How did the ancient Greeks view themselves in regards to their polis - meaning did they have loyalty to Greece or to their polis (city-state)?
Loyalty was to their city-state, not all of Greece.
What civilization existed on the island of Crete?
The Minoans
What is the basic storyline of Theseus and the Minotaur?
Theseus goes to athens and kills their beast the minotaur with help from a girl named ariadne.
Which civilization developed on the Greek mainland after the Minoans that supposedly conquered the Minoans?
The mycenaeans
What conflict during the Mycenaean time saw the Greeks battle another city-state across the Aegean Sea?
The trojan war.
What was the legendary cause of the trojan war?
Queen helen was stolen by troy and the Greeks w wanted to get her back.
What was the real cause of the trojan war?
over economical rivalry.
Which blind Greek poet is responsible for writing the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Homer
Why did the ancient Greeks believe in a polytheistic faith, just like all the ancient civilizations we studied this year?
to explain Human Activities, and Natural Forces
Who was considered to be the top god of the ancient Greeks?
Zeus
where did the gods and goddesses supposedly live?
On mount olympus.
In class discussions, students cannot believe that the ancient people practiced these types of religions back in ancient days. Do you think there will come a time when people in the future will look at our religions and think the same way?
reasons, we will have more science so we know how earth was created and that stuff also we will be shocked to think we prayed to people because we will then know that we were praying to nobody.
If you were living during this time period, how do you think your life would have been affected by the belief in this type of religion?
What is another name for a city-state in ancient Greece?
Polis
Define an acropolis.
Its a protected settlement on a hill.
What is the role of an agora?
To be a market place, gathering area.
What were the requirements for someone to participate in government in the polis?
You had to be male and had to be born of the polis.
Which groups were not allowed to participate in their polis’s government?
The women, slaves, and foreigner.
What is the difference between a hoplite and a phalanx?
Hoplite is individual soldier and phalanx is the military formation/army of multiple of hoplites.
Which empire stretched from the outskirts of Greece down through Egypt all the way to India that threatened Greece after the Ionian city-states revolted?
the persian empire
What was the conflict between the Greek city-states and Persia called?
The persian wars
What were the causes of the Persian Wars?
Athens helping the ionian rebels
What was the marathon?
to reach athens to tell of victory after marathon a young runner called pheidippides runs 26 miles back home after reaching athens and announcing victory he dies of exhaustion
What was the battle of thermopylae
At a narrow mountain pass in Thermopylae xerxes and his army of 7,000 greeks was blocked by 300 spartans. The spartan leader Leonidas sacrificed themselves and held held off the greeks for 3 days allowing that greek city states to prepare for battle.
What was the battle at salamis
310 small greek ships went to attack a larger persian fleet. But Athens lured Sparta into the strait called salamis which was a passageway too narrow to pass through. They had a naval battle and then Athens destroyed and sank the persians ships because they had the advantage of the narrow passage way.
Who was Pheidippides and explain his importance?
He was the runner who ran to tell athens they had won the battle but he had run there and fought in the battle and then ran back to athens so he died of exhaustion
What was formed following the Persian Wars to stop future Persian invasion?
The peloponnesian league (A alliance with sparta and allies.)
Which Greek polis came to dominate Greece following the Persian Wars?
Athens
What was the conflict between Sparta and Athens called?
the peloponnesian wars
What were the causes of the Peloponnesian War?
-Athens dominates delian league
-Anti-Athens feeling were spread throughout greece
-Sparta and allies form the peloponnesian league
What were the two key events of the Peloponnesian War?
Athens catches a plagues and ⅓ of them die along with their leader (King pericles)
Also sparta alies with persia and they block the athens river and then conquer athen
What were the effects of the Peloponnesian Wars?
Athen power decreases
Overall greek power decreases
Macedonia rises in the north
If you were living during this time period, how do you think your life would have been affected by the belief in this type of religion?
I would be a different person because
I would pray everyday
my life would be controlled by the gods so I would always blame them
In class discussions, students cannot believe that the ancient people practiced these types of religions back in ancient days. Do you think there will come a time when people in the future will look at our religions and think the same way?
I think so because
We will be more advanced- we will know more science and how things happen
Rocky islands and isolated valleys created by the mountains contributed to ___ (unified or separate, individual) city-states.
separate/ individual
Greek people thought of themselves not as Greeks but as residents of a particular ___.
Polis
The ___ around Greece provided a link to the outside world and lands surrounding Greece.
Seas
Excellent harbors and bays of Greece encouraged ___ with parts of the Mediterranean.
trade
The upper, fortified part of a city-state
Acropolis
Ancient Greek marketplace
Agora
Conflict within a country or land between its own citizens.
civil war
The term for a Greek city-state
polis
On what island did the first Greek civilization called the Minoans arise?
Crete
What was the mythical monster called that Theseus battled in labyrinth (maze) underneath the place city of Knossos?
Minotaur
Which early Greek civilization, which started on the Greek mainland, overran the Minoans?
Mycenaeans
What was the conflict called between the city-state of Troy and the civilization above?
Trojan war
What were the causes of conflict above…
Mythical cause
Real cause
gods interfering, the beauty competition, and kidnapping of Helen by Paris
competition for trade power in the region
What is the battle formation of Greek soldiers (hoplites) called?
Phalanx
The cause of the Persian Wars was when the Ionians revolt against the Persians, the Greek city-state of ___ comes to their aid. The Persian Empire then vows to destroy all the Greece.
Athens
What are the three main battles of the Persian Wars?
Salamis, thermopylae, Marathon
What are the effects of the Persians Wars…
___ becomes the dominant city-state of Greece
The city-states of Greece join an alliance called the ___ ___ to stop any future Persian invasion/
athens, Delian league
After the Persian Wars, Greece enters a Golden Age led by Athens. Who was the leader of Athens?
Pericles
Certain city-states of Greece come to dislike Athens because Athens is becoming too powerful and bullying the other city-states. This leads to a conflict between Athens and Sparta was known as…
peloponnesian wars
The main effect/result of the conflict above was that ____ greatness ended.
Athens
What are the two reasons why the Ancient Greeks, as well as other ancient civilizations developed a polytheistic religion?
Natural forces and human activities
At which location did the 12 Olympian Gods live atop?
Mt olympus
TRUE or FALSE - The gods of Olympus were unaging, death never came to them, and they had passions and weaknesses like humans which they had to take fault for and take responsibility.
True
Which god was the top God and why the ancient Olympics were held in honor of?
Zeus
the peloponnesian wars are with
Sparta and Athens
The Persian wars are with
persia and Greek city states such as Sparta and Athens
what is the battle of thermopylae
the one in the mountains
what is the battle of salamis
the one in the sea