Unit 4 pt 3: ATMS Stability

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44 Terms

1
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What is Atmospheric Stability

the measure of the ATMS tendency to encourage OR resist vertical motion

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A stable ATMS means the air _________

wants to sink

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Air parcels from a stable ATMS are _______ then the environment and wants to _________

Colder ; Sink

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It is easy for cold air to ________

sink

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Air parcels from a unstable ATMS are _______ then the environment and wants to _________

Warmer ; Rise

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Air that wants to rise and not sink is deemed ________

unstable

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the more unstable/ warmer the air parcel is the faster it rises: which causes/ is related to strong _______________

thunderstorms

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How do you measure stability

compare the temperature of an air parcel to the temperature of its environment

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What are two ways to hear to cool the ATMS

Diabatic & Adiabatic processes

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___________processes: cause T change via removal or input of heat

Diabatic

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___________processes: when phase changes occur (ex. condensation) latent heat is released

Diabatic

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___________processes: causes T change via expansion or compression of air

Adiabatic

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___________processes: a rising parcel of air expands and cools, while a sinking parcel of air is compressed and warms

Adiabatic

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As air rises it __________

expands & cools

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As air rises it cools because of ___________ expansion

Adiabatic

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As air sinks it warms because of ___________ compression

Adiabatic

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True or False: Air parcels that are colder than the surrounding environment are unstable

Fa

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True or False: If air parcels rise in the atmosphere then it expands and warms

False

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________ lifting: forcing of air over a mountain

Orographic

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Air T & Dew-point T must be equal for air to be:

Saturated

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as air sinks— air T will always warm at

10C

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on the leeward side of a mountain it is __________ then the windward side

warmer

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_________ side of mountains appear more: dry, dessert like

Leeward

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_________ side of mountains appear more: lush & green

Winward

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What are ways to Lift Air (and form clouds)

Orographic Lifting, Frontal Lifting, Convergence, Localized convection

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_________ Lifting: forcing air over mountain (rain shadow on leeward side bc of moisture removed on windward side)

Orohraphic

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_________ Lifting: caused by differences in air density along cold or warm fronts (includes sea breeze fronts)

Frontal

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_________ Lifting: Air meets a low level forcing up air (ex. LPS)

Convergence

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_________ Lifting: thermal driven by warm surface rise and cool to lifted condensation level— cool ait sinks to replace rising warm air

Localized convection

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________ stability: tendency for air parcels to be either— Neutral, Stable, or Unstable

Static

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_________ air parcel: stay where it was pushed

Neutral

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_________ air parcel: comes back to its starting point (cold and dense)

Stable

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_________ air parcel: Keeps on going when moved (warm and buoyant)

Unstable

34
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CAPE is how strong thunderstorms can get and it goes up_______

the stronger it is

35
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True or False: the more area the more CAPE there is

True

36
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what is the energy that inhibits thunderstorm formation

CIN

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