Cardiorespiratory responses to acute exercise exam 2

What does max HR mean?

highest HR achieves in all-out effort to voluntary fatigue. Getting older can cause a decline, can’t change with training.

What does steady-state HR mean?

point of plateau, optimal HR for meeting circulatory demands at a given submaximal intensity

If intensity increases so does

steady-state HR

Stroke volume is determined by

Volume of venous blood return to the heart, ventricular dispensability, ventricular contractility, and aortic pressure.

Stroke Volume

goes up with HR than plateaus

What does preload mean?

Getting blood into the heart. Move blood into heart before it contracts because the heart is more stretchy.

What does afterload mean?

Anything that effects blood getting ouy of the heart

What contributes most to improvements in VO2 max?

Stroke volume because its most trainable

What is cardiac output?

how much blood is moving around your body per min. Higher intensity increases cardiac output becuase more blood needs circulated and HR and SV goes up.

What does VO2 mean?

metabolic/ energy measuring oxygen, how many kcals are burned per min

If you increase HR, SV, or a-VO2 difference what happens

VO2 will go up, if your VO2 is high these variables must be high as well

During endurance exercise

increase in mean arterial pressure

What is systolic BP?

direct measurement of left ventricle

What is diastolic BP?

Blood volume, during exercise can drop BV

If SV and HR goes up what else does?

BP

Why is there little to no change in diastolic BP during aerobic exercise?

BV, losing water in blood from sweating more dilated.

What is rate pressure product (RPP)?

How fast heart is beating times how hard ventricles are contracting

During dynamic exercise what happens to DP and SP?

stay the same

During resistance training what happens to SP and DP?

SP and DP go up. Heart pumping faster and harder. Contracting muscles, squeezes arteries, and the pressure increases.

Blood flow is redirected to and works with the

greatest metabolic need

As cardiac output increases what happens to blood flow and the muscle?

muscles get more blood flow

As temperature rises what also occurs?

Skin vasodilation, capillaries exposed to sympathetic nervous system

SV and HR both have to go up to raise cardiac output because

during exercise SV can decrease and if you arent hydrating enough blood volume will drop, how much blood returns to the heart and HR gets higher to compensate

Eating large meals right before exercise can

Shunt more blood to the GI tract, reducing blood flow to the muscle

Muscle takes up more of the concentration of O2 because

decrease in pH, increase in heat, and increase in PO2 gradient

Increase in PO2 gradient because

less O2, able to move more O2 increase in gradient

Capillary fluid movement into and out of tissue is dictated by

hydrostatic pressure, oncotic pressure, and osmotic pressure

What is hydrostatic pressure?

More water leaves blood vessels because muscles are squeezing on them

What is oncotic pressure?

affinity of proteins for water

What is osmotic pressure?

H2) decrease in muscle cell, electrolytes become more coenctrated, drawing attention of water, increase in concentration gradient

RBC should not get above 60% because

blood clots will occur

What happens with respiration?

goes up without even starting exercise, and then goesup even more when exercise begin

What does VE mean?

minute ventilation

What does TV mean?

depth of breath

What does RR mean?

breaths per min

What is must cheaper to raise?

TV than RR paying less ATP

What happens during the valsalva maneuver?

Increased pressure, more pressure on spinal column, helps stabilize when lifting

What is the problem with the valsalva maneuver?

Blood vessels get constricted, especially vena cava, little blood going to heart and brain

Decrease in VE/VO2

its good! decreasing, more efficient to more anaerobic metabolism

What does LT represent?

change of using aerobic to more anaerobic metabolism

CO2 comes from the production of

anaerobic metabolism

Anaerobic threshold occurs

when theres an increase in VE/VCO2

What happens during EIAH?

pushing blood through so fast, RBC not being fully oxygenated

What is the normal resting pH?

7.1-7.4

What happens to the acid base balance during exercise?

during exercise pushing a lot of acid into bloodstream, need something to regulate it, bicarbonate

What does performing active recovery in between sets or after exercise do?

helps reduce acid than doing nothing