Chapter 4: Rad quantities and Units

Which of the following factors must be multiplied to determine the EfD from an x-radiation exposure of an organ or body part?

D x WR X WT

Which of the following is the SI unit of radiation exposure that is very useful for x-ray equipment calibration?

C/kg

German physics professor Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered “x-rays” on November 8, 1895

During an experiment investigating the nature of cathode rays and fluorescent materials

In radiation protection systems no longer in use, a radiation dose to which occupationally exposed persons could be subjected without any apparent harmful acute effects, such as erythema of the skin, was known as

Tolerance dose

Early tissue reactions of radiation include:

1. Nausea and fatigue

2. Blood and intestinal disorders

3. Diffuse redness of the skin and shedding its outer layer

1, 2, and 3

Which of the following terms describes the amount of energy per unit mass transferred from an x-ray beam to an object in its path such as the human body?

Absorbed dose

The product of air karma multiplied by the exposed area of the patient’s surface, or in other words, a measure of the amount of radiant energy that has been thrust into a portion of the patient’s surface, is known as

Dose are product

Fluoroscopic patient entrance radiation level is now specified in

mGy-cm2

EfD described which of the following

The total biologic damage to a human that is caused by equivalent doses received by specific organs.

In radiation protection, which of the following is a measure of the total EfD to an individual resulting from an intake of radioactive material into the body?

CEDE

Which of the following radiation quantities is the best measure of the overall risk of exposure to humans from ionizing radiation?

EfD

Which of the following radiation quantities is used to describe exposure of a population or group from low doses of different sources of ionizing radiation?

ColEfD

A WR has been established for the following ionizing radiations: x-rays (WR=1); fast neutrons (WR=20); and alpha particles (WR=20). What is the total EqD (in sievert) for a person who has received the following exposures: x-rays=4 Get; fast neutrons=6 Get; and alpha particles=3 Gyt?

184

A dimensionless factor, or multiplier, that places risks associated with biologic effects on a common scale is known as the

WR

Which of the following have smilier numeric values?

1. Quality factor (Q)

2. WR

3. WT

1 and 2 only

If a patient is undergoing x-ray therapy receives a total dose of 3000 rad, the dose may be recorded as BLANK when using the SI system

3000 centigram (cGy)

Which of the following types of radiation has a WR of 20?

Alpha particles

Ten sievert is equal to BLANK mSv

10,000

Which of the following is (are) equivalent to 1 gray?

1. 1 J/kg

2. 100 cGy

3. 1000 mGy

1, 2, and 3

Thomas A. Edison invented the

Fluoroscope

In the United States, SI units such as the fray (Gy) and the cGy are now used routinely in therapeutic radiology to specify

Absorbed dose

The ampere is the SI unit of

Electrical current

In the traditional system of quantities and units, 1 rad is equivalent to an energy transfer of

100 erg per gram of irradiated object

X-rays, beta particles (high speed electrons), and gamma rays have been given a numeric adjustment value of 1 because they produce

Virtually the same biologic effects in body tissue for equal absorbed doses

The whole-body TEDE regulatory limit for exposed personnel is BLANK and BLANK for the general public

0.05 Sv, 0.001. Sv