SDSU BIO 212 Exam 3 Appendicular Skeleton OIAs

Trapezius

A: elevates, depresses, rotates, and retracts scapula

Rhomboid Major

O: spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae

I: vertebral border of scapula (below spine)

A: rotates and retracts scapula

Rhomboid Minor

O: spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae

I: vertebral border of scapula (at base of spine)

A: rotates and retracts scapula

Levator Scapulae

O: transverse processes of cervical vertebrae

I: vertebral border of scapula (above spine)

A: elevates scapula

Pectoralis Minor

O: anterior surface of upper-middle ribs

I: coracoid process of scapula

A: depresses, protracts and rotates scapula

Serratus Anterior

O: outer surface of ribs 1-9

I: entire length of vertebral border of scapula

A: protracts and rotates scapula

Pectoralis Major

O: clavicle, sternum, and costal cartilages of upper ribs

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm (GH joint)

Latissimus Dorsi

A: extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (GH joint)

Deltoid

O: clavicle, acromion process, and spine of scapula

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

A: abducts, flexes and extends, medially and laterally rotates arm (GH joint)

Supraspinatus

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: abducts arm (GH joint)-rotator cuff

Infraspinatus

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: laterally rotates arm (GH Joint)-rotator cuff

Subscapularis

O: subscapular fossa of scapula

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A: medially rotates arm (GH joint)-rotator cuff

Teres Minor

O: axillary border of scapula

I: greater tubercle of humerus

A: laterally rotates, adducts, and extends arm (GH joint)-rotator cuff

Teres Major

O: inferior angle of scapula

I: lesser tubercle of humerus

A: adducts, extends and medially rotates arm (GH joint)

Coracobrachialis

O: coracoid process of scapula

I: medial surface of humerus

A: flexes and adducts arm (GH joint)

Biceps Brachii (long head)

O: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: tuberosity of radius

A: flexes forearm/elbow and flexes arm (GH joint)

Biceps Brachii (short head)

O: coracoid process of scapula

I: tuberosity of radius

A: flexes forearm/elbow and flexes arm (GH joint)

Brachialis

O: anterior, distal humerus

I: coronoid process of ulna

A: flexes forearm/elbow

Triceps Brachii (long head)

O: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: olecranon process of ulna

A: extends forearm/elbow and extends arm (GH joint)

Triceps Brachii (lateral head)

O: proximal posterior surface of humerus

I: olecranon process of ulna

A: extends forearm/elbow

Triceps Brachii (medial head)

O: distal posterior surface of humerus

I: olecranon process of ulna

A: extends forearm/elbow

Brachioradialis

O: distal-lateral humerus

I: styloid process of radius

A: flexes forearm/elbow

Pronator Teres

O: epicondyle (humerus) and coronoid process (ulna)

I: mid shaft of radius

A: pronates forearm/elbow

Supinator

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: proximal surface of radius

A: supinates forearm/elbow

Flexor Carpi Radialis

A: flexes wrist and hand

Palmaris Longus

A: flexes wrist and hand

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A: flexes wrist and hand

Extensor Digitorum

A: extends wrist and hand

Extensor Carpi Radialis (longus)

A: extends wrist and hand

Psoas Major

O: T12 and lumbar vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter of femur

A: flexes thigh and flexes trunk on femur (hip joint)

Iliacus

O: iliac crest and fossa

I: lesser trochanter of femur

A: flexes thigh and flexes trunk on femur (hip joint)

Gluteus Maximus

O: ilium, sacrum, and coccyx

I: upper posterior surface of femur and iliotibial tract

A: extends abd laterally rotates thigh (hip joint)

Gluteus Medius

O: outer surface of ilium

I: greater trochanter of femur

A: abducts and medially rotates thigh (hip joint)

Gluteus Minimus

O: outer surface of ilium

I: greater trochanter of femur

A: abducts and medially rotates thigh (hip joint)

Tensor Fasciae Latae

O: iliac crest

I: iliotibial tract

A: flexes, abducts, and medially rotates thigh (laterally supports knee)(hip joint)

Piriformis

O: sacrum

I: greater trochanter of femur

A: laterally rotates thigh (hip joint)

Obturator Internus

A: laterally rotates thigh (hip joint)

Adductor Magnus

O: inferior rams of pubis and ischium

I: linea aspera of femur

A: adducts and laterally rotates thigh (hip joint)

Adductor Longus

O: crest and symphysis of pubis

I: linea aspera of femur (middle)

A: adducts and laterally rotates thigh (hip joint)

Adductor Brevis

O: inferior ramus of pubis

I: linea aspera of femur (upper)

A: adducts and laterally rotates thigh (hip joint)

Pectineus

A: adducts, flexes and laterally rotates thigh

Gracilis

O: symphysis pubis

I: proximal medial surface of tibia

A: adducts thigh/hip and flexes leg/knee

Sartorius

O: anterior superior iliac spine

I: proximal medial surface of tibia

A: flexes thigh and leg/knee and laterally rotates thigh/hip

Rectus femoris

O: anterior inferior iliac spine

I: tibial tuberosity via the patella

A: extends leg/knee and flexes thigh/hip

Semitendinosus

O: ischial tuberosity

I: proximal medial surface of tibia

A: flexes leg/knee and extends thigh/hip

Semimembranosus

O: ischial tuberosity

I: proximal medial surface of tibia

A: flexes leg/knee and extends thigh/hip

Biceps Femoris (long head)

O: ischial tuberosity

I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

A: flexes leg/knee and extends thigh/hip

Biceps Femoris (short head)

O: linea aspera of femur

I: head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia

A: flexes leg/knee

Vastus Lateralis

O: greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via the patella

A: extends leg/knee

Vastus Medialis

O: linea aspera of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via the patella

A: extends leg/knee

Vastus Intermedius

O: anterior surface of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via the patella

A: extends leg/knee

Popliteus

O: lateral condyle of femur

I: proximal portion of tibia

A: flexes medially rotates leg/knee

Gastrocnemius

O: medial and lateral condyles of femur

I: calcaneus

A: flexes leg/knee and plantar flexes foot

Tibialis Anterior

O: lateral condyle of tibia and interosseous membrane

I: medial surface if 1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal

A: dorsiflexes and inverts foot

Extensor Hallucis Longus

O: fibula and interosseous membrane

I: dorsal surface of great toe

A: dorsiflexes and inverts foot and extends great toe

Extensor Digitorum Longus

O: lateral condyle of tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane

I: dorsal surface of phalanges 2-5

A: dorsiflexes and everts foot and extends toe 2-5

Peroneus (fibularis) Longus

A: plantar flexes and everts foot

Soleus

O: posterior proximal surface of fibula and tibia

I: calcaneus

A: plantar flexes foot

Flexor Hallucis Longus

O: distal posterior surface of fibula

I: plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe

A: flexes great toe, plantar flexes, and inverts foot

Flexor Digitorum Longus

O: posterior surface of tibia

I: plantar surface of distal phalanges of toes 2-5

A: flexes toes 2-5, plantar flexes, and inverts foot

Tibialis Posterior

O: posterior surface of interosseous membrane, tibia, and fibula

I: plantar surfaces of navicular and adjacent bones of medial arch

A: plantar flexes and inverts foot