BOLD 2030 Test 1 Swindle

Deuteronomy 18:9-20 and God’s rationale for sending prophets

God calls them away from the practices of other nations

God wants the prophets so the people directly know His will

God’s people rely on __________ and not __________.

Revelation; manipulation

Deuteronomy 29:29. . . know the gist of this passage

The secret things belong to the Lord and the revealed things belong to the people so that they may follow the law

The Lord revealed himself through the prophets

Amos 3:7-8 . . . know the gist of this passage

The Lord does nothing without revealing His plans (specifically through the prophets)

Nabi

Prophet

Roeh

To see or seer

Chozeh

To look or behold

Ish Elohim

Man of God

The role of the prophet exemplified by Moses was . . . ?

Intermediary/intercessor

The office of the prophet arose in relation to what figure?

The monarchy (king)

The rise of prophecy in Israel was closely associated with the rise of the __________.

Monarchy

Be able to list the law of the kings from Deuteronomy 17

He is to be chosen by God

He is to be a native Israelite

He is not to assemble a great army

He is not to build a great harem

He is not to collect great wealth

He is to defend the constitution

He is not to consider himself above his fellow Israelites

In relation to the kings of Israel, the prophets functioned as __________.

Conscience

In relation to the covenant, the prophets functioned as __________.

Covenant Lawyers

What is the Hebrew term for covenant lawsuit?

Rib

The typical prophetic message has three points. What are they?

You have sinned and must repent

If you do not repent, there is judgment

There is hope

What three sins are most denounced by the prophets?

Idolatry

Social Injustice

Empty Religious Ritualism

What is the Day of the Lord?

Any day that God comes into judgement on His enemies

What things does one need to know to properly understand the prophets today?

Genre

Author

Audience

Situation

Purpose

Literary/Classical Prophets

Writing prophets

Prophets whose oracles were recorded

Many recorded oracles, few recorded episodes

Non-literary/Pre-classical

Non-writing prophets

Prophets whose oracles were not recorded

Few recorded oracles, many recorded stories

Major vs. Minor prophets

Divided by length

Know the significance of poetry.

Utilizes images to convey meanings

Appeals to the emotions

Characteristics of poetry

Density

Parallelism

Figurative imagery

Wordplay

What was Amos’s hometown and occupation?

Tekoa

Shepherd and caretaker of sycamore figs (not a prophet)

What do you know about his historical context? Specifically, what do you know about Jeroboam II’s character and reign?

Peace+prosperity=pride

Last significant king of the Northern Kingdom. Despite his wickedness, his was a reign of unparalleled peace and prosperity, as well as longevity

Be able to list the five visions that constitute Amos’s call story.

Locust plague

Fire

Plumb line/tin wall

Basket of summer fruit

Destruction

Know the nations that Amos denounces in the introduction to his book.

Damascus, Gaza, Tyre, Edom, Ammon, Moab, Judah

Know the rhetorical function of this introduction to Amos

Saves Judah and Israel for last in order to arouse the people and then prove them a lesson

What do all their crimes have in common? (Amos)

Crimes against humanity

What is the alternative to seeking oneself?

Seeking the Lord

Be able to tell the story of Hosea

Marries Gomer, she cheats on him, he divorces her, but later redeems her when she is being sold as a slave for nothing on the streets, buys her back (buys what already belonged to him), and reconciles her - the story of God's relationship with Israel

Know his wife’s name and “occupation” (Hosea)

Gomer, a prostitute

Know Hosea’s children’s names

Jezreel (God scatters/sows, there’s going to be another massacre in the valley)

Lo-Ruhaman (no mercy, Jonah’s prophecy is about to be revealed)

Lo-Ammi (not my people, God is going to reject his covenant people)

Know the political background against which the ministry of Hosea is set.

Career spans several tumultuous decades (Jeroboam II - Hezekiah)

There is conflict over whether Israel will submit to Assyria or fight against them

How does God/Hosea feel about foreign alliances?

God calls his people to maintain separateness/holiness which is often unachievable when other nations are involved

How does God/Hosea feel when his people are unfaithful?

The covenant is an emotional relationship, and God is hurt when his people betray him

Hosea specifically states that Israel will go into exile where?

Assyria and Egypt

How does Hosea describe Israel’s idolatry?

Adultery

What does it mean to “KNOW” the Lord?

to have an intimate understanding of God

Both Nahum and Jonah are addressed to what people?

Nineveh

What makes Jonah unique among the prophets?

Book is about him, not his oracles

Miraculous plays a role

Business is on foreign soil

Preaches exclusively to foreigners

Travels on the Mediterranean Sea

Mentioned by and likened to Jesus

Ran away from God

Be familiar with the purposes/themes of Jonah that we discussed in class.

The Lord is a God of boundless compassion not just for “us”, but for “them”

God is sovereign over the events on the earth

God is determined to get his message to the nations

Repentance of sin and obedience is demanded from all

Repentance of self-centeredness and hypocrisy is demanded from God’s people

God will relent when people repent

Jonah is a literary masterpiece. What literary features stand out in the book?

parallelism, symbolism, repetition

Know the various words that are repeated for effect in Jonah.

Great, evil, down, deep

Why was Jonah so set against going to Nineveh? What do we know about the Assyrians?

They were known for their brutality: exile, humiliation, and intimidation

Jonah believed them too wicked to deserve repentance

What is VOCAPHOBIA

Fear of your calling

Where does Jonah attempt to flee?

Tarshish

What is Jonah thinking about his God?

He believed he could escape from the presence of the Lord

What does he learn about his God (see Jonah 1:9)?

He owns the earth and sea and exists in all of it

How does the prophet of God compare to the pagan sailors? To the pagan Assyrians?

They turn to their gods; Jonah turns away from his (1:5).

They do everything possible to spare human life (1:5, 6, 12-15); Jonah does everything possible to ensure that lives are destroyed.

They sacrificed to YHWH and make vows to him; Jonah would rather die

Do you think Jonah really repented?

No, even though he praised God in the fish, he was angry that God had saved the Ninevites

How might YHWH have prepared the people of Nineveh for Jonah’s preaching?

National threats/problems

Jonah’s fish story

A solar eclipse on June 15, 763 BC

Why is Jonah so angry concerning the repentance of Nineveh? See Jonah 4:1-4 and Exodus 34:6-7.

He knew all along that God would forgive this people that he hated - God is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and abounding in love"

How is the book of Nahum related to the book of Jonah?

It addresses the people of Nineveh

What are the unique literary characteristics of the book of Nahum?

partial acrostic

delay of identification

taunting

Be able to list the taunts that Nahum uses against Nineveh?

The lion taunt

The harlot taunt

The historical taunt

The locust taunt

How does Nahum use Exodus 34:6-7?

He focuses on the aspect of God's wrath and vengeance upon his foes and the guilty

What does Micah’s name mean?

Who is like YHWH?

Where is Micah’s hometown?

Moresheth

In what other prophetic book is Micah quoted, and a prophet’s life spared?

Jeremiah

Be familiar with chapter 3: what groups of people does Micah indict, and what ought to be their relationship to the law and to each other?

Politicians–Do not know justice, hate the good/straight and love the evil/crooked, build wealth at the expense of others

Preachers–preach the pleasing messages that people prefer, will say whatever for the right price

Prophets–led God’s people astray, willing to fight anyone

Be able to write an essay concerning the covenant lawsuit of chapter 6. Who is the plaintiff? Who is the defendant? Who is the prosecuting attorney? Who is the jury? What is the charge? What is the verdict?

God is the plaintiff

Micah is the prosecutor

the people of Israel are the defendants

The hills, mountains, and enduring foundations of the earth make up the jury

The charge is a broken covenant

The people of Israel are guilty and the Lord has required them to act justly, love mercy, and to walk humbly with Him

Micah sees a messianic ruler coming from what location?

The land of Israel (Bethlehem)

According to 7:18ff., in what way(s) is YHWH incomparable?

He forgives sin and delights to show mercy

He has steadfast love, he treads our iniquities underfoot, he casts our sins to the depths of the seas

What does Isaiah’s name mean?

YHWH is salvation

What are his sons’ names, and what do they mean?

Shear-jashub–A remnant will return

Maher-shalal-hash-baz–quick to the plunder, swift to the spoil

Be familiar with the arguments concerning the unity (or lack thereof) of the book.

Chapters 1-39 are assigned to Isaiah

Chapters 40-66 are assigned to anonymous author

Be familiar with Isaiah’s call in chapter 6.

Isaiah sees 5 things in his call: God’s holiness, his own sinfulness, his ruin, and his mission

What are the three components of calling that we discussed with this story?

Three components of calling: revelation of the person’s condition, an experience of cleansing, a commission

What title for God becomes Isaiah’s favorite after this episode?

Holy One of Israel

Be familiar with the Song of the Vineyard from chapter 5

God had planted a vineyard and it bore bad fruit. God vowed to destroy the fruit. The vineyard was God’s people and they had turned away from God, so God destroyed them

Who are the major players? (Syro-Ephriamitic War)

Syria, Israel, Assyria, Judah

What was at stake? (Syro-Ephraimitic War)

It determined whether Judah would be under Assyria’s control

What does Isaiah counsel? (Syro-Ephraimitic War)

Ahaz

What famous prophecy is given at this time? (Syro-Ephraimitic War)

If you are not firm in the faith, you will not be firm at all

What does the name Immanuel mean?

God is with us