The Cell cycle (mitosis)

Interphase

Non dividing phase of the cell

G_1 phase (during interphase)

Cells are growing and preparing to divide; fulfilling their specialized functions

S (synthesis) phase (during interphase)

Stage in which DNA replicates

Cells uses G_2 phase to prepare for the M phase

M phase (mitosis)

The dividing phase

• Cells are in the process of separating their genetic material and cytoplasm

Prophase (before-phase)

Chromosomes condense, and spindle apparatus begins to form

Prometaphase (before middle phase)

Nuclear envelope breaks down

Microtubules contact chromosomes at kinetochores

Metaphase (middle phase)

Chromosomes complete migration to middle of cell

Anphase (against phase)

Sister chromatids separate into daughter chromosomes, which are then pulled to opposite poles of the spindle apparatus

Telophase (end phase)

Nuclear envelope reforms, and chromosomes de-condense

Cell division begins^^^^

Actin myosin ring causes plasma membrane to begin pinching in

Cell division complete

Two daughter cells are formed

MPF

M-phase promoting factor

Cyclins

One of several regulatory proteins whose concentrations fluctuate cyclically throughout the cell cycle.

• It is RESPONSIBLE!!! for the presence of MPF

CDK

Cyclin-dependent kinase

• Any of several related protein kinases that are functional only when bound to a cyclin and are activated by other modifications.