Overview of Non-Coding RNAs

Flashcards covering vocabulary and definitions related to the lecture on non-coding RNAs.

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs)

RNA molecules that do not encode proteins but play crucial roles in cellular functions.

RNA Interference (RNAi)

A process where double-stranded RNA silences mRNA.

HOTAIR

A 2.2-kb-long ncRNA that influences chromatin structure and transcriptional repression.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs)

Small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and are derived from endogenous genes.

Small Interfering RNAs (siRNAs)

Key players in RNAi, typically originating from exogenous sources, targeting specific mRNAs.

CRISPR-Cas System

An adaptive defense mechanism against bacteriophages, involving phases of adaptation, expression, and interference.

Signal Recognition Particle (SRP)

An RNA-protein complex that facilitates the targeting of proteins to specific cellular locations.

PIWI-Interacting RNAs (piRNAs)

ncRNAs that interact with PIWI proteins to silence transposable elements in animal genomes.

Decoy

A type of ncRNA that recognizes another ncRNA and sequesters it.

Ribozyme

An ncRNA possessing catalytic activity that facilitates biochemical reactions.