Aprod training PW Y2S2-Karteikarten | Quizlet

1- which is the dominant breed of dairy cattle

a. Holstein

b. Jersey

c. Guernsey

d. Montbeliarde

a. Holstein

2 - What is the average milk yield of Ayrshires breed

a. 1000 kg

b. 2500 kg

c. 5000 kg

d. 7000 kg

d. 7000 kg

3 - Which is not an example of an abnormal flavor of milk

a. feed and weed

a. Onion or garlic

b. Sweet

c. High acidity

b. Sweet

4 - When did Louis Pasteur discovered pasteurization

a. 1851

b. 1856

c. 1864

d. 1871

c. 1864

5 - What is pasteurization

a. process of heating milk to a high temperature, about 71°C for 15 seconds

b. Process of heating milk to a medium temperature, about 40°C for 15 seconds

c. Process of heating milk to a high temperature, about 71°C for 3 hours

d. Process of cooling milk for 24 hours

a. process of heating milk to a high temperature, about 71°C for 15 seconds

6 - What species make up the modern breeds of cattle ?

a) Bos taurus and Bos indicus

b) Bos taurus and Bos adus

c) Bos indicus and Bos adus

d) Bos sucus and Bos lupos

a) Bos taurus and Bos indicus

7 - From where is mainly originated Bos taurus ?

a) Asia

b) Europe

c) Africa

d) America

e) Oceania

b) Europe

8 - What is the most frequent classification in Romania ?

a) local and exported

b) exported and imported

c) primitive and universal

d) local and imported

d) local and imported

9 - What is the general temperament of Holstein cows ?

a) mean

b) quiet and docile

c) very active

d) no one of these responses

b) quiet and docile

10 - What type of cattle is the Belgian Blue ?

a) dairy breed

b) bos indicus cattle

c) beef breed

d) composite Beef Cattle

c) beef breed

11- what is the definition of yearling

A: because she is over 5 years old

B: because she had her first calf

C: because she is over 1 year old

D: because she is in gestation

C: because she is over 1 year old

12- what is the duration of the gestation of a cow?

A: 12 months

B: 9 months

C: 5 months

D: none of the answers above

B: 9 months

13- for how many days does the cow lactate?

A: 305 days

B: 365 days

C: 180 days

D: from the calving until the weaning

A: 305 days

14- What are the characteristics of the cubicles/ free stalls?

A: used for large herds, large spaces to feed the cow, cows are able to move freely and have litters to ruminate allowing the passage of other cows

B: the cow are fed by small groups, and stay in small liters, no place to move around

C: the cows are outside at the pasture

D: none of the answers above

A: used for large herds, large spaces to feed the cow, cows are able to move freely and have litters to ruminate allowing the passage of other cows

15- What are the main dairy type in the EU?

A: dairy cattle and sheep-goat

B: reproduction cows - dairy cattle's

C: beef cattle

D: specialized dairy cattle

D: specialized dairy cattle

16) What is the average of cow milk production per years ?

a ) 8000 L

b) 2500 L

c ) 800 L

d) 5000 L

a ) 8000 L

17 ) What is the percentage of cow replaced each year on a dairy herd ?

a ) 100%

b) 50%

c ) 30 %

d) 5%

c ) 30 %

18 ) What is the percentage of feed costs of the total cost on a dairy farm ?

a) 100%

b) 50-60%

c) 20- 30%

d) 5-10%

b) 50-60%

19 ) What is the composition of the milk ?

a) 50% water, 50% nutritionally important component

b) 87% water, 13% nutritionally important component

c) 20% of water, 80% nutritionally important component

d) None of this answer

b) 87% water, 13% nutritionally important component

20 ) To what temperature should the milk be cooled after milking?

a) 4°C

b) 0°C

c) 20°C

d) 10°C

a) 4°C

21) in dairy cows, the age of the first breeding is :

a) 2-3 months

b) 10-11 months

c) 1-2 years

d) 15-16 months

d) 15-16 months

22) In beef cows, the age of the first breeding is :

a) 14-15 months

b) 6 months

c) 1-2 years

d) 3 years

a) 14-15 months

23) For artificial insemination, the key factors are :

a) timing of insemination

b) viability of sperm

c) insemination technique

d) all are correct

d) all are correct

24) Which one is an American farm types ?

a) commercials

b) selection farms

c) mixed farms, dairy-beef

d) all are correct

d) all are correct

25) The average gestation for a dairy cattle is :

a) 3 months

b) 283 days

c) 183 days

d) 7 months

b) 283 days

26. How is the pourcentage of production of the world's milk for a dairy cow ?

a) 75%

b) 90%

c) 70%

d) 85%

d) 85%

27. How much is the milk yield of an Holstein ?

a) 20 000 kg milk

b) 10 000 kg milk

c) 5 000 kg milk

d) 15 000 kg milk

b) 10 000 kg milk

28. What are not in the main elements related to meat obtaining ?

a) age

b) forages

c) weight

d) daily gain size

c) weight

29. Which isn't a type of commercial beef cattle production system ?

a) intensive

b) extensive

c) Semi-extensive

d) semi-intensive

c) Semi-extensive

30. What is the definition of veal ?

a) veal is a nutritious and nutrient-rich meat that is produced from the female offspring of dairy cows

b) veal is a nutritious and nutrient-rich meat that is produced from the male offspring of beef cows

c) veal is a nutritious and nutrient-rich meat that is produced from the female offspring of beef cows

d) veal is a nutritious and nutrient-rich meat that is produced from the male offspring of dairy cows

d) veal is a nutritious and nutrient-rich meat that is produced from the male offspring of dairy cows

31. What is the average lifespan of a dairy cow ?

a) 3 years old

b) 5-6yearsold

c) 10 years old

d) 4-5 lactations

b) 5-6yearsold

32. What is the ratio bull/cows in natural mating reproduction ?

a) 1 bull for 50 cows if heats not synchronized, 1 bull for 25 cows if heats synchronized

b) 3 bulls for 40 cows if heats not synchronized and 2 bulls for 15 cows if heats synchronized

c) 1 bull for 10 cows in general

d) 1 bull champion in reproduction for 100 cows in general

a) 1 bull for 50 cows if heats not synchronized, 1 bull for 25 cows if heats synchronized

33. Which breed is the most ancient dairy breed ?

a) Holstein Friesian

b) Ayshire

c) Jersey

d) Guernsey

c) Jersey

34. The Belgian blue breed :

a) is a product of genetic selection

b) Has a mutation on the gene coding for myostatin

c) Has got dystocia in every calving due to size and weight of calf

d) All answers above

d) All answers above

35. Why do we have to avoid the feeding of calves in buckets ?

a) because they have to suckle to trigger the digestion

b) Because suckling helps develop the rumen and other pre-stomaches

c) Because milk can pass into the undeveloped rumen and may cause scours

d) Because suckling opens directly the esophageal groove

c) Because milk can pass into the undeveloped rumen and may cause scours

36. Sheep and goats are used for :

a) meat, milk, fiber

b) meat, milk

c) meat, milk, fiber, pelts and hide

d) Milk

c) meat, milk, fiber, pelts and hide

37. Sheep are classified :

a) sheep < 2 years old

b) Sheep > 2 yearssold

c) Sheep < 3 years old

d) Sheep > 3 years old

b) Sheep > 2years old

38. Sheep's milk composition is :

a) 5,4% protein an 3,9% fat

b) 3,3% protein and 3,9% fat

c) 3,3% protein and 6,6% fat

d) 5,4% protein and 6,6% fat

d) 5,4% protein and 6,6% fat

39. It is not possible to produce a cross between sheep and goat due to :

a) their anatomy

b) They don't want

c) Their genetic

d) Neither of these responses

?

40. The length of gestation in goat is :

a) 120 days

b) 130 days

c) 140 days

d) 150days

d) 150days

41. What is the average size of dairy farms in UK ?

a) 70 heads

b) 80 heads

c) 60 heads

d) 50 heads

a) 70 heads

42. What are the different dairy farms in European Union ?

a) specialized dairy cattle

b) Dairy cattle - beef cattle

c) Dairy cattle - reproduction cow

d) All answers above

d) All answers above

43. What is the average gestation of a cow ?

a) 283 days

b) 328 days

c) 427 days

d) 247 days

a) 283 days

44. How long does the productive life of a dairy cow last ?

a) 10 years or more

b) 20 years

c) 20 years or more

d) No answer is correct

a) 10 years or more

45. What herd-level factors are influencing culling ?

a) milk price

b) Age

c) Herd expansion

d) All answers above are correct

d) All answers above are correct

46. What is the average weight of a calf at calving ?

a) 25-45kg

b)15-25kg

C)30-50kg

D) 40-60kg

a) 25-45kg

48. Indairy production, the calf is weaned from milk at

A)at 5-8 days of age

B)at 12-15 days of age

C)at 4-8 weeks of age

D)at 4 months of age

C)at 4-8 weeks of age

48.In dairy cow production, what is the daily gain wanted for a 6 month old young cow ?

A)About 200 g/day

B)About 300 g/day

C)About 700 g/day

d) About 1,5 kg/day

C)About 700 g/day

49. In dairy cow production, the reproduction objective is

a) 1 calf per one cow per year

b) 1,5 calf per one cow per year

c) 2 calves per cow per year

d) 1 calf per one cow in 2 years

a) 1 calf per one cow per year

50. Which country has the most dairy cows ?

a) France

b) Italy

c) Ireland

d) Germany

d) Germany

51. What is the percentage of culled cows in the European Union meat market ?

a. 60%

b. 44 %

c. 23%

d. 12%

b. 44 %

52. The beef term « dry » mean :

a. lactating

b. pregnant

c. Not pregnant

d. Non-lactating

d. Non-lactating

53. How is the amount of time in producing beef cattle?

a. Longer compared to swine and poultry

b. Shorter compared to swine and poultry

c. Same as swine and poultry

d. Longer as poultry but the same as swine

a. Longer compared to swine and poultry

54. What are the causes of poor reproductive performance in artificially inseminated herds ?

a. Feeding b. Weight

c. Poor detection of heat

d. None answers above are correct

c. Poor detection of heat

55. In which year was the first cheese factory (oneida, NY) :

a. 1851

b. 1861

c. 1912

d. 1853

a. 1851

56. What is the main component contained in meat ?

a.Iron

b. Protein and phosphorous

c. Vitamin B12

d. Fat

c. Vitamin B12

57. Which is the good phase's order for beef cattle operations ?

a. Purebred operation, Stocker operation, Cow-calf operation, Feedlot operation

b. Cow-calf operation, Purebred operation, Stocker operation, Feedlot operation

c. Stocker operation, Cow-calf operation, Purebred operation, Feedlot operation

d. Purebred operation, Cow-calf operation, Stocker operation, Feedlot operation

d. Purebred operation, Cow-calf operation, Stocker operation, Feedlot operation

58. At what age do cows reach puberty?

a. 10-14 months

b. 14-17 months

c. 8-10 months

d. 12-16 months

a. 10-14 months

59. At which term corresponds the following definition: « Nutritious and nutrient-rich meat

that is produced from the male offspring of dairy cows » ?

a. Grain-fed b. Heifer

c. Baby

d. Veal

?

60. How many calves are transported across Europe every year ?

a. 500 000 000

b. 10 000 000 000

c. 1 000 000 000

d. 1 500 000 000

?

61. Which type of stall is used for small herds (less than 100 cows) ?

a. Free stalls.

b. Tie stalls.

c. Loose housing.

d. Free-stall barn.

b. Tie stalls.

62. Which beef breed has a mutation in the myostatin which codes for the protein ?

a. Santa gertrudis.

b. Wagyu.

c. Shorthorn.

d. Belgian blue.

d. Belgian blue.

63. Where did the Saanen dairy goat come from ?

a. US.

b. England.

c. Switzerland.

d. France.

c. Switzerland.

64. Which beef breed is known for having smaller ears and cleaner lines than other Zebu breeds ?

a. Nelore.

b. Brahman

c. Africander.

d. Indo brazilian.

a. Nelore.

65. What is the age for first breeding of dairy cows ?

a. 15-16 months.

b. 17-18 months.

c. 1 year.

d. 23 months.

a. 15-16 months.

66. Which sheep breed is considered the most popular ?

a. The Dorset

b. the Hampshire

c. The Suffolk

d. the Oxford

c. The Suffolk

67. The sheep breed "Ile de France" is the product of crossing :

a. Rambouillet and Oxford

b. Dorper and English Leicester

c. Dorper and Oxford

d. Rambouillet and English Leicester

d. Rambouillet and English Leicester

68. At which weight kids can be weaned ?

a. 10kg

b. 11kg

c. 12kg

d. 13kg

a. 10kg

69. The Boer sheep is used mainly for :

a. The meat

b. the milk

c. The production of Mohair

d. The production of Cashmere

a. The meat

70. What is the average milk fat yield of the Toggenburg ?

a. 2.8%

b. 3%

c. 3.3%

d. 3.7%

d. 3.7%

71. Where are found the finest and more dense wool fibers on the body?

a. Belly

b. Back

c. Shoulders

d. Thighs

c. Shoulders

72. What is the false proposition about the general characteristics of wool?

a. Color is partly tint, luster or brightness. White is prefered.

b. Wool is quickly inflammable.

c. Lustre is the ability of wool to reflect light.

d. Kemp is a chalky, white, lusterless and dead fibre growing with wool which resists dyeing.

b. Wool is quickly inflammable

73. Mohair is a fiber from the fleece of the goat breed...

a. Saanen

b. Boer

c. Mambrine

d. Angora

d. Angora

74. What is the crimpiness in the wool criteria?

a. The waviness of the wool fiber.

b. The property of wool fibres to return to their original or natural form after being stretched or compressed.

c. Fibres which occur in the fleeces of indiscriminately bred sheep.

d. It is a chalky, white, lusterless and dead fibre growing with wool which resists dyeing.

a. The waviness of the wool fiber

75. What breed of sheep is known for its wool?

a. Australian Merino

b. Suffolk

c. Romanov

d. Hampshire

a. Australian Merino

76. The wool fiber:

a. Grows from follicles in the skin, and occurs at the top of the fiber.

b. Does not grow from follicles in the skin, and occurs at the base of the fiber.

c. The process is not continuous and shearing does not particularly stimulate its growth.

d. Grows from follicles of the skin and occurs at the base of the fiber, this process is not

continuous

e. Grows from follicles of the skin and occurs at the base of the fiber, this process is continuous.

e. Grows from follicles of the skin and occurs at the base of the fiber, this process is continuous.

77. Wool combing:

a. If worsted wool is desired, the wool will also go into carding.

b. Is the process where wool fibers are untangled and laid out parallel to each other

c. If woolen fabrics is desired, the wool goes from carding to spinning

d. can be done manually.

e. All of the above.

e. All of the above.

78. The Australian Merino is known for:

a. For its excellent wool quality

b. For its excellent Meat production.

c. For its excellent Milk production.

d. For its very coarse wool

e. None of the above

a. For its excellent wool quality

79. The wool quality is assessed via:

a. The average fiber diameter, staple length, fiber length

b. Crimpiness, elasticity, Kemp, inflammability.

c. Heterotype, lustre, Strength, Action of chemicals

d. Conductivity, dyeing properties, softness, Moisture

e. All of the above.

e. All of the above.

80. Adhering material in raw wool :

a. Composed of yolk, suint, vegetable matter, dirt and moisture which are all

disadvantages.

b. Composed of yolk, suint, vegetable matter, dirt and moisture in which some are disadvantages.

c. Only composed of Yolk, suint and moisture which are all advantages.

d. Only composed of Yolk, Dirt and moisture in which some are disadvantages.

e. Only composed of Vegetable matter, dirt and moisture.

b. Composed of yolk, suint, vegetable matter, dirt and moisture in which some are disadvantages.

81. Karakul lamb pelts are harvested within:

a. 12 hours post-parturition

b. 24 hours post-parturition

c. 36 hours post-parturition

d. 48 hours post-parturition

e. None of the above

d. 48 hours post-parturition

82. Why are Karakul lambs slaughtered within a specific time frame?

a. Because the upper half of their tails fill up with a lot of fat.

b. Because they will lose their black color and their soft, tightly wound coils of fur.

C. Due to changes in their conformation with age

.d. All of the above

e. None of the above

b. Because they will lose their black color and their soft, tightly wound coils of fur.

.

83. Which goat breed is a heavy milk producer (around 1000kg of milk/lacation), white or

light cream in color and is sensitive to excessive sunlight? It performs best in cooler conditions.

a. Saanen

b. Toggenburg

c. Chamoisee

d. Anglo Nubian

e. None of the above

a. Saanen

84. The paschal lamb

a. is more than 4 months and less than a year.

b. has from a month and a half and less than four months.

c. is the offspring that is between four and six weeks old.

d. Weighs less than 12 kg.

e. None of the above

a. is more than 4 months and less than a year.

85. The recental (or ternasco) lamb

a. is more than 4 months and less than a year.

b. has from a month and a half but less than four months.

c. is the offspring that is between four and six weeks old.

d. Weighs more than 13 kg.

e. None of the above.

b. has from a month and a half but less than four month

86. Which breed of sheep is considered as the world's largest one ?

a. The Lincoln breed

b. The Southdown breed

c. The Dorset breed

d. The Oxford breed

a. The Lincoln breed

87. How many days after calving, do we rebred the dairy cows in order to start a new

lactation in the year after ?

a. Approximately 30-60 days after calving

b. Approximately 60-90 days after calving

c. Approximately 70-95 days after calving

d. Approximately 90-120 days after calving

b. Approximately 60-90 days after calvin

88. Choose the correct answer regarding the water needs of cattles :

a. Lactating dairy cattles require more water in relation to their size than any other farm

animal (around 20 gallons of water per day)

b. Dairy cattle suffer quicker from a lack of water than from a lack of feed

c. Dairy cattles may produce over 50 kg of milk per day, which requires 50 kg of water,

in addition to the water required to maintain a proper fluid balance in the cow's body

d. All the answers are correct

d. All the answers are correct

89. Complete the following sentence about the dairy industry : "Because of improved genetics, cows born in each subsequent year will be able to produce ....... than cows born the year before".

a. 200 additional litres of milk per year

b. 150 additional litres of milk per year

c. 100 additional litres of milk per year

d. 75 additional litres of milk per year

c. 100 additional litres of milk per year

90. What is "cutability" ?

a. It is the percent of fat in a slaughter animal

b. It is directly affected by the animal's muscle structure

c. It is indirectly related to nutrition

d. It is also called "marbling"

b. It is directly affected by the animal's muscle structure

91. What is the oldest breed of domesticated sheep?

a. Hampshire

b. Karakul

c. Stavropol

d. Suffolk

b. Karakul

92. What does "wet" beef mean?

a. Pregnant

b. Not pregnant

c. Lactating

d. Not lactating

c. Lactating

93. What is the most used method in which the wool is dried and treated to remove any

remaining vegetable matter?

a. Combing

b. Carding

c. Drying

d. Carbonizing

d. Carbonizing

94. What does "open" beef mean?

a. Lactating

b. Not lactating

c. Pregnant

d. Not pregnant

d. Not pregnant

95. "Stiff leg" or Tennessee fainting goats are also known as?

a. Nubian

b. Chamoisée

c. Appenzell

d. Myotonic

d. Myotonic

96. What. are the top 3 producers of greasy wool?

A)1-China, 2-New Zealand, 3-UK

B) 1-Australia, 2- China, 3- New Zealand

C) 1-Australia, 2- UK, 3- New Zealand

D) 1-Argentina, 2- China, 3- UK

B) 1-Australia, 2- China, 3- New Zealand

97. What are the features of hothouse lambs?

A) 3-7 months old and more than 40kg

B),7-12 months old and between 49,5 and 58,9 kg

C) more than 12 months old and more than 58,9 kg

D) less than 3 months old and less than 27,2 kg

D) less than 3 months old and less than 27,2 kg

98. What is the goat that is technically not a goat in terms of classification?

A)The irish goat

B) The maltese goat

c) The mountain goat

D)The icelandic goat

c) The mountain goat

are the main features of the Karakul?

It is a fat-tailed sheep and it has a dominant black gene

It is a long-haired white goat characterised by a raven-black area on the top and sides of the head and long pendulous black ears which turn outwards at the tip.

It has a medium size, the coat color ranges from light brown to mouse gray, with white Swiss markings to the face, lower legs and tail area.

It has a distinctive coloring, black from the nose to behind the shoulder and white from there to the tail.

It is a fat-tailed sheep and it has a dominant black gene

100. Which goat breed does not come from England?

a. Suffolk

b. Hampshire

c. Dorper

d. Dorset

c. Dorper