USA migration

In 2018 how many migrants were living in the usa, how much of the population?

44.7 million, 13.7%

What are the reasons for immigration to the usa?

• positive immigration policy and possibility of gaining a green card

• Employment opportunities

• Wage differences and opportunity for remmitence

• Education opportunities and healthcare system

In 2018 how many usa citizens are living out of usa

4.8 million, mostly UK, canada

USA migration policies

• limit of 675,000 permanent immigrants per year

• Reunifying family- 480,000 visas available for family members to join us citizens

• Admission of migrants with valuable skills- 140,000 visas

• Protecting refugees- 45,000 visas

• Humanitarian relief- temp visas available for escaping disastersor conflict

Interdependence of usa and mexico

Biggest bi lateral corridor

- 2018- 38.5 million Mexicans working in agriculture, construction and other low paid services

• wages higher in US than Mexico so remittances in 2015= 25.2 billion 2.2% of gdp

• Since NAFTA formation, bilateral trade accounts for $1.4B per day

• Mexican industry benefited from trade as development of aerospace and IT sectors funded by is FDI

• However, political relations remain imbalanced due to co-ordination and cooperation over isssues like drug trade, border security, traffiking

What issue remains between usa and Mexico?

political relations remain imbalanced due to co-ordination and cooperation over isssues like drug trade, border security, traffiking

What opportunities are created by migration in the USA?

• immigrants take unwanted low paid jobs, 26% services, 21% production, fills gaps in labour market

• Young immigrants contribute to taxes and increase the declining birth rate

• Immigrants are consumers and help businesses and generates wealth.

• Policy aims to attract high skilled workers in arts, science, education, athletics. 54% of Chinese immigrants eonplyed in science and business, 76% of indian immigrants

What are the challenges created by migration?

• 10.9 million unauthorised immigrants (4.9 Mexican), usa has tightened the south maritime borders and in 2015 congress passed new immigration bills strengthening legal mechanisms for refugee security screening.

• Uneven progress in integration of immigrant groups into us society. Barriers like language, location of residence, political participation. Size of immigrant unauthorised population also barrier to social and political integration.

• Limited resources supplies in areas where immigrants are concentrated eg water supply damage in south California