AP World History Exam Review

Flashcards covering key concepts from AP World History lecture notes, focusing on the time period from 1200 to 1750.

What infrastructure project did the Song Dynasty improve upon?

Improved upon the Grand Canal

What was the purpose of the civil service exam in the Song Dynasty?

An examination that allowed lower-class citizens the opportunity to rise into government positions

The scholar gentry class in the Song Dynasty revolved around what beliefs?

Confucianist beliefs

What was a military innovation discovered during the Song Dynasty?

Gunpowder

Who unified China into the Song Dynasty?

Zhoa Kuangyin

What years did the Song Dynasty last?

960-1279

What type of bureaucracy did the Song Dynasty create?

A merit-based bureaucracy

What type of production in China was ahead of its time during the Song Dynasty?

Iron production

What type of currency was developed during the Song Dynasty?

Paper-based money

What type of rice allowed for higher agricultural development during the Song Dynasty?

Champa rice

What were some of the technological innovations made by Muslims?

Medicine, science, mathematics, philosophy, and astronomy

What branch of Islam further spread the religion?

Sufi

Where was the House of Wisdom created by Muslims?

Baghdad

What tax was employed on non-Muslims in certain Islamic states?

Jizya tax

What religions came to China from India?

Hinduism and Buddhism

What was Islam thought to have encouraged during its spread?

Trade

Who was the ruler of Mali who went on the hajj?

Mansa Musa

Where was the Delhi Sultanate created after Turks invaded?

Northern India

What determined a person’s class in Hinduism?

Birth

How did China control subjects?

The tribute system

What mandatory public service system was present in the Inca Empire?

The Mit'a System

What trade system did West Africa benefit from?

Trans-Saharan trade system

Who traveled to China and wrote of his travels?

Marco Polo

What social class arose in Europe?

The bourgeoisie

How was Europe organized?

Feudalism

What document was signed in Europe?

The Magna Carta

What legislative body was established in Europe?

English Parliament

What was an example of an empire that rose revolving around maritime trade?

Majapahit Empire

What religion did the Majapahit Empire mostly follow?

Mostly Buddhist

What primarily helped the Khmer Empire flourish?

Complex irrigation and drainage systems

What was the capital city of the Aztec Empire?

Tenochtitlan

What kingdoms developed seven states that each developed their own specialties?

Hausa Kingdoms

Before centralization, what was the land in Sub-Saharan Africa divided into?

Kin-based tribes

What was the power rising order in Europe?

Serfs, knights, lords, kings

Who traveled throughout Dar-al-Islam and recorded his travels?

Ibn Battuta

Who united the Mongols?

Genghis Khan

What was left behind after the fall of the Mongols?

Khanates

What syncretic religion was formed as a mix of Daoism and Buddhism?

Neo-Confucianism

What was another name for the Black Death?

Bubonic plague

What maritime technology was developed in Unit Two?

The lateen sail

Who most likely developed the lateen sail?

Arabs

Which country did the Mongols conquer and eventually assimilate into, converting to Islam?

Persia

What religions were spread by missionaries?

Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism

What agricultural goods were introduced creating lasting effects on states?

Champa rice, bananas

What areas did the Silk Road stretch between?

China, Europe, and North Africa

How were goods transported on the Silk Road?

Camel caravans

What areas did the Indian Ocean Trade stretch between?

China to East Africa

Who were the landowners in Japan?

Daimyo

Who protected the land of the Daimyo?

Samurai

Who united Japan?

Tokugawa Shogunate

Who fought against the corrupt church by creating the 95 theses?

Martin Luther

What concept did monarchs use to legitimize their power in Unit Three?

Divine right of kings

What invention contributed to the increase in literacy?

The Gutenberg press

Name some gunpowder empires present during the 1450-1750 time period.

Safavid, Ottoman, and Mughal

What dynasty replaced the Yuan Dynasty in 1368?

The Ming Dynasty

What dynasty did the Manchu create after overthrowing the Ming Dynasty in 1644?

The Qin Dynasty

What was the name of the elite squad in the Ottoman army, formed through Devshirme?

Janissaries

What was the name for the elite squad in the Safavid army, similar to the Janissaries?

Ghulams

What economic system did many states follow, believing there was a finite amount of wealth in the world?

Mercantilism

What new ships were created between the 1450-1750 time period?

Caravel and Fluyt

What treaty divided the Americas between Portugal and Spain?

The Treaty of Tordesillas

What systems of labor force were developed in the Americas?

The encomienda system and hacienda system

What explorer sailed to the southern tip of Africa and then returned?

Bartholomew Dias

What joint-stock company was created during this period?

Dutch East India Company

Which maritime empire developed trading posts along coastlines in Africa and throughout the Indian Ocean?

Portugal

What explorer claimed all the land from Newfoundland down to the Chesapeake Bay for England?

John Cabot

What economic system did Adam Smith advocate for in 'The Wealth of Nations'?

Capitalism