Encryption and Hashing Algorithms

Includes symmetric, asymmetric, and hashing algorithms

Data Encryption Standard (DES)

• Symmetric algorithm

• Block cipher

• Not very secure

Triple DES (3DES)

• Symmetric algorithm

• Block cipher

• More scrambling/security than DES

International Data Encryption Standard (IDEA)

• Symmetric algorithm

• Block cipher

• Longer key length than DES, but uncommon

Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)

• STRONG symmetric algorithm

• Block cipher

• De facto standard

• Good for data at rest

RC4

• Symmetric algorithm

• Stream cipher for SSL/TLS and WEP

RC5

• Symmetric algorithm

• Block cipher

RC6

• Symmetric algorithm

• Stronger RC5, but less common than AES

Diffie-Hellman

• Asymmetric algorithm

• Used to conduct key exchanges over an unsecure network (like Internet)

• Widely used for VPN tunnels as part of IPSec

RSA

• Asymmetric algorithm

  • Used for key exchange, encryption, and digital signatures with large key sizes

Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)

• Asymmetric algorithm

• Efficient, smaller key size with similar security to RSA

• Popular with mobile devices and low computing power machines

MD5

• Hashing algorithm

• Insecure

SHA Family

• Hashing algorithm

• SHA-1, SHA-2, and SHA-3 contain hashing methods more secure than the previous

• Longer bit number = more secure

RIPEMD

• Hashing algorithm

• Uncommon competitor to SHA family

HMAC

• Hashing algorithm

• Hash-based Message Authentication Code

• Used to check integrity of message