LS6000A Anatomy & Physiology Lab II-Final Exam Review Sheet

What is the bronchial tree?

The branching network of airways in the lungs that transports air for gas exchange, consisting of bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

What is internal respiration?

The exchange of gases between the cells and the blood.

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

The amount of air that can be forcibly taken in after normally inhaling.

What are cauda equina?

A collection of nerves at the end of the spinal cord that are cone-shaped.

What is the function of the olfactory nerve?

It is the first cranial nerve involved in the sense of smell.

What is the corpus callosum?

A band of white matter that joins the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum.

What are oligodendrocytes?

A type of glial cell that produces myelin for cells in the brain.

What do axons do?

They carry nerve impulses away from the cell body, with action potentials traveling faster down myelinated axons than unmyelinated axons.

What is the glomerulus?

A network of capillaries within the kidney that plays an essential role in filtering blood.

What are ureters?

Muscular tubes extending from the renal pelvis into the urinary bladder that transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.

What do renal arteries do?

They carry large amounts of blood from the aorta to the kidneys.

What is micturition?

The process by which urine is passed out of the body, also known as voiding or urination.

What is the Loop of Henle?

A U-shaped portion of the nephron, responsible for concentrating urine and reabsorbing water and essential ions, located between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules.

What is the hymen?

The thin membrane that covers the vagina partially or entirely.

What is the corpus luteum?

The hormone-secreting structure formed after ovulation from the ruptured follicle, degenerating after a few days unless pregnancy occurs.

What is the clitoris?

A structure of the female external genitalia composed of erectile tissue.

What does the juxtaglomerular apparatus do?

Releases a hormone, renin, that constricts blood vessels.

What does the larynx consist of?

Vocal cords, thyroid cartilage, and the epiglottis.

What is residual volume?

The air volume that is not included in vital capacity.

Where is cerebrospinal fluid found?

Between the arachnoid mater and pia mater.

Which bones contain paranasal sinuses?

The ethmoid, maxilla, and frontal bones.

What is the pathway of semen through the male reproductive system?

Epididymis -> vas deferens -> ejaculatory duct -> urethra.

How does erection occur in the penis?

Through increased blood volume in the corpus spongiosum and corpus cavernosum.

Where is the normal site of fertilization of an egg?

In the fallopian tubes.