AP Psychology Chapter 14

social psychology

how we think and relate to one another

attribution theory

explaining someone’s behavior based off of a certain situation or a person’s predicament

Fundamental attribution error

overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situation

attitude

feelings that enforce us to respond in a particular way

peripheral route persuasion

influenced by speaker’s cues

central route persuasion

influenced by one’s argument and responds favorably towards said argument

FTD Phenomenon

when someone agrees with a small request, they will more than likely agree to a larger request later on

role

set of expectations for someone’s social position

cognitive dissonance theory

ways we act to reduce/remove any sort of discomfort

conformity

change of behavior so that way it means the standard of the group’s thinking

normative social influence

trying to gain approval or avoiding rejection

informational social influence

accepting others opinion

social facilitation

stronger responses while in the presence of others

social loafing

when people exert less energy than when they were individual to achieve a goal

deindividuation

loss of self awareness

group polarization

reinforces the resolve of those in a self-help group

groupthink

occurs when the desire for harmony in ones group overrides the objective

prejudice

unreasonable attitude towards a group/person

stereotype

generalized belief about a group/person

discrimination

unreasonable behavior towards a person/group

just-world phenomenon

belief that people deserve what happens to them

ingroup

people we share a common identity with

outgroup

people who are considered different from the rest

ingroup bias

tendency to favor one’s group

scapegoat theory

where someone can release their anger, and blame said person

other-race effect

tendency to recall one’s own race over the other

aggression

physical or verbal behavior that is intended to hurt someone

frustration-aggression principle

frustration → anger → aggression

social script

how to act in certain situations

mere exposure fact

more exposure towards a novel increases liking of the novel

passionate love

a state of intense positive absorption of one another

compassionate love

a deep affectation towards someone close to us

equity

being given equal amounts of love

self-disclosure

revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

bystander effect

less likely to provide aid if others are present

social exchange theory

our social behavior is an exchange process

reciprocity norm

people who help those who helped them

social-responsibility norm

people will help those dependent upon them

conflict

a perceived inconceivable set of actions/goals

social trap

people who are caught in bad behavior

mirror image perceptions

mutual views held by conflicting people

superordinate goals

shared goals that settle difference between people and require the cooperation of them.

GRIT

decreases international tensions