CO2 Transport

a colorless and odorless gas with a density about 50% higher than that of dry air

CO2

density of CO2 than that of dry air

50% higher

consists of a carbon atom covalently double bonded to two oxygen atoms.

CO2

these organisms use CO2 during photosynthesis, which they turn carbon into sugar glucose in the process called fixation, animals then use this glucose for energy

green plants

it is the process of turning carbon into sugar glucose in photosynthesis

fixation

sources of CO2 emissions [2]

natural

human

these sources of CO2 include decomposition, ocean release and respiration.

natural

when is CO2 produced in the body

when body needs to make energy

where does CO2 production occur in the body

cellular level ; mitochondria

is the set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

cellular respiration

3 main stages of cellular respiration

glycolysis

citric acid cycle

electron transport

other name for electron transport

oxidative phosphorylation

this literally means "splitting sugars."

glycolysis

this is a six carbon sugar, split into two molecules of a three carbon sugar

glucose

citric acid cycle is also known as

krebs cycle

in this stage of cellular respiration, when oxygen is present, acetyl-CoA is produced from the pyruvate molecules created from glycolysis

citric acid cycle

in this stage of cellular respiration, most of the free energy released during the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is retained in the reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 generated during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.

electron transport

in the tissues, where does CO2 diffuse into [2]

plasma

RBC

true or false: some CO2 remains in plasma

true

how many steps in gas exchabge are there in the tissues

7

what step in gas exchange in tissues: In the tissues, CO2 diffuses into the plasma and into RBC. Some of the CO2 remains in the plasma

1

what step in gas exchange in tissues: In RBC, CO2 reacts with H2O to form carbonic acid (H2CO3 ) in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA)

2

in RBC, what does CO2 react with to form carbonic acid in a reaction catalyzed by CA

H2O

what step in gas exchange in tissues: H2CO3 dissociates to form bicarbonate ions (HCO3 - ) and hydrogen ions (H+ )

3

what step in gas exchange in tissues: In the chloride shift, as HCO3 - diffuses out of the RBC, electrical neutrality is maintained by the diffusion of chloride ions (Cl- ) into them

4

what step in gas exchange in tissues: Oxygen (O2 ) is released from hemoglobin (Hb). O2 diffuses out of RBCs and plasma into the tissues

5

what step in gas exchange in tissues: H+ combine with Hb, which promotes the release of O2 from Hb (Bohr effect)

6

what step in gas exchange in tissues: CO2 combines with Hb. Hb that has released O2 readily combines with CO2 (Haldane effect)

7