Range of Motion Measurements AAOS CERTIFIED

Hip flexion (Supine)

120 degrees of motion including flexion of the hip while lying on the back.

Hip extension (Prone)

20 degrees of motion including extension of the hip while lying face down.

Hip abduction (Supine)

45 degrees of motion including moving the leg away from the midline while on the back.

Hip adduction (Supine)

20 degrees of motion including moving the leg towards the midline while on the back.

Hip internal rotation (Seated)

45 degrees of motion while seated, rotating the thigh inward.

Hip external rotation (Seated)

45 degrees of motion while seated, rotating the thigh outward.

Knee flexion

135 degrees of motion including bending the knee.

Knee extension

0 degrees of motion including straightening the knee.

Dorsiflexion

20 degrees of motion including lifting the foot upwards at the ankle.

Plantarflexion

50 degrees of motion including pointing the toes downwards at the ankle.

Calcaneal inversion

5 degrees of motion including tilting the heel inwards.

Calcaneal eversion

5 degrees of motion including tilting the heel outwards.

Midtarsal inversion

35 degrees of motion including rotating the mid-foot inwards.

Midtarsal eversion

15 degrees of motion including rotating the mid-foot outwards.

Great toe MTP flexion

45 degrees of motion including bending the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe.

Great toe MTP extension

70 degrees of motion including straightening the metatarsophalangeal joint of the great toe.

Great toe IP flexion

90 degrees of motion including bending the interphalangeal joint of the great toe.

Digit MTP flexion

40 degrees of motion including bending the metatarsophalangeal joints of the other toes.

Digit MTP extension

40 degrees of motion including straightening the metatarsophalangeal joints of the other toes.

Digit PIP flexion

35 degrees of motion including bending the proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers.

Shoulder flexion

180 degrees of motion including raising the arm forward.

Shoulder extension

60 degrees of motion including lowering the arm backward.

Shoulder abduction

180 degrees of motion including raising the arm away from the body.

Shoulder internal rotation

70 degrees of motion including rotating the arm inward.

Shoulder external rotation

90 degrees of motion including rotating the arm outward.

Elbow flexion

150 degrees of motion including bending the elbow.

Elbow extension

0 degrees of motion including straightening the elbow.

Forearm supination

80 degrees of motion including turning the forearm so the palm faces upward.

Forearm pronation

80 degrees of motion including turning the forearm so the palm faces downward.

Wrist flexion

80 degrees of motion including bending the wrist down.

Wrist extension

70 degrees of motion including bending the wrist upwards.

Radial deviation

20 degrees of motion including moving the wrist towards the thumb side.

Ulnar deviation

30 degrees of motion including moving the wrist towards the little finger side.

MCP flexion

90 degrees of motion including bending the metacarpophalangeal joints of the fingers.

MCP extension

45 degrees of motion including straightening the metacarpophalangeal joints of the fingers.

PIP flexion

100 degrees of motion including bending the proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers.

DIP flexion

90 degrees of motion including bending the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers.

Thumb CMC Flexion

15 degrees of motion including bending the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

Thumb CMC extension

20 degrees of motion including straightening the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.

Thumb CMC abduction

70 degrees of motion including moving the thumb away from the plane of the hand.

Thumb MCP flexion

50 degrees of motion including bending the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.

Thumb IP flexion

80 degrees of motion including bending the interphalangeal joint of the thumb.

Cervical flexion

45 degrees of motion including bending the neck forward.

Cervical extension

45 degrees of motion including bending the neck backward.

Cervical lateral flexion

45 degrees of motion including tilting the neck to the side.

Cervical rotation

60 degrees of motion including turning the neck left or right.

Thoracolumbar rotation

45 degrees of motion including rotating the trunk.