Age of Revolutions

Scientific Revolution

movement that marked the beginning of modern science and technology

Geocentric Theory

belief that the Earth was the center of the universe and everything revolved around it

Heliocentric Theory

idea that the Sun (not the Earth) was at the center of the universe

Heresy

belief or opinion that goes against the church

Scientific Method

process of experimentation, observation, and analysis to confirm a belief

Revolution

an overthrow of ideas in favor of something new

No Taxation without Representation

term coined by the colonists who complained about being taxed without any say or rights

Boston Massacre

a riot in Boston in which protesting citizens were shot by British soldiers

Boston Tea Party

colonists dumped British tea into the harbor to oppose British taxation

American Revolution

colonists fight for independence against Great Britain

Three Estates

three groups of people in France that each had one vote

Bourgeoisie

middle class in France, the richest part of the Third Estate

National Assembly

revolutionary group formed by the representatives of the Third Estate

French Revolution

an uprising against the French monarchy by the lower classes

Constitution

written document that outlines rules and regulations for the government and country

Declaration of the Rights of Man

document that deals with human rights and political powers

Bastille

French prison that stored many weapons and was raided by revolutionaries

Great Fear

a wave of panic and violence that swept across France during the revolution

Jacobins

largest and most powerful political group during the French Revolution

Reign of Terror

period of time in France when many traitors were sent to death by beheading

Nicolaus Copernicus

developed the Heliocentric Theory that proved the Church wrong

Galileo

upgraded the telescope and was arrested by the Church for heresy

King Louis 16

King of France during the French Revolution, was later beheaded

Marie Antoinette

King Louis wife that was beheaded along with her husband

Maximilien Robespierre

political leader during the French Revolution who led the Reign of Terror

Napoleon Bonaparte

emperor that took over France after the French Revolution