AP Psychology: Topic 2.6 - Retrieving Memories

Retrieval

the process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored

Recall

retrieving information from past learning or experience without a memory cue

Recognition

identifying information previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test

Retrieval cues

stimuli that aid the recall or recognition of information stored in memory

Context-dependent memory

the theory that information is better remembered when when a person is present in the same environment in which the original memory was formed

Mood-congruent memory

a phenomenon that explains how a person is able to recall a memory in more detail if it coincides with their mood at the current time

State-dependent memory

a phenomenon that explains why a memory is improved when the person is in the same biological or psychological state as when the memory was initially formed

Testing effect

the phenomenon that testing an individual's memory makes the memory stronger and easier to retrieve

Metacognition

the phenomenon that learners can improve retrieval by understanding and regulating their own learning process, including their beliefs about learning