APUSH- Unit 2 Keyterms

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red scare

a period of intense anti-communism. The “Palmer Raids” of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer resulted in about 6 thousand deportations of people suspected of “subversive” activities

criminal syndicalism laws

passed by many states during the red scare, these nefarious laws outlawed mere advocacy of violence to secure social change. Stump speakers for the International Workers of the World were targets

ku klux klan

a white/anglo-saxon supremacist group that re-emerged after the war, this time in northern states as well, gained 5 million members

palmer raids

attempts by the U.S.> department of Justice to arrest and deport communists or socialists, it was led by attorney general alexander Mitchell Palmer, who bombed many homes, eventually his own home was destroyed

immigration act of 1924

also known as "National Origins Act" this law established quotas for immigration the U.S. Immigration from southern and eastern europe was sharply curtailed, while immigrants from asia were shut out all together

kellogg-briand pact

also known as the Paris Pact, of 1928, the purpose was to outlaw war, and only allowed defensive war

fordney-mccumber tariff law

a comprehensive bill passed to protect domestic production from foreign competitors. as a direct result, many european nations were spurred to increase their own trade barriers

teapot dome scandal

a tawdry affair involving the illegal lease of priceless naval oil reserves in Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California. The scandal, which implicated president Harding’s secretary of interior was one of several that gave his administration a reputation for corruption

mcnary-haugen bill

a farm-relief bill that was championed throughout the 1920s and aimed to keep agricultural prices by authorizing the government to buy up surpluses and sell them abroad. congress twice passed the bill but president Coolidge vetoed it in 1927 and 1928

dawes plan

an arrangement negotiated in 1924 to reschedule German reparations payments. it stabilized the German currency and opened the way for further American private loans to Germany

hawley-smoot tariff

the highest protective tariff in the peacetime history of the U.S., passed as a result of good old fashioned horse trading, to the outside world, it smacked of ugly economic warfare

bull market

a period of increased stock trading and rising stock prices

henry ford

founded the Ford Motor Company and invented the model T car. he also introduced the moving assembly line method of production to car manufacturing

fordism

a system of assembly line manufacturing and mass production named after henry ford

18th amendment

prohibited alcohol, 1919

volstead act

a federal act enforcing 18th amendment

racketeers

people who obtain money illegally by fraud, bootlegging, gambling, or threats of violence. racketeers invaded the ranks of labor during the 1920s, a decade when gambling and gangs were prevalent in American life

bible belt

the region of the American south, extending roughly from NC west to Ok and TX, where protestant fundamentalism and belief in literal interpretation of the bible were traditionally strongest

scopes trial

high school teacher’s case for teaching revolution which was against the bible

fundamentalism

a protestant christian movement emphasizing the literal truth of the bible and opposing religious modernism, which sought to reconcile religion and science, it was especially strong in the baptist church and the church of christ, first organized in 1906

marcus garvey

jamaican-born influential black leader from the 1920s, founder of Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA)

universal negro improvement association

a black nationalist organization founded in 1914 by marcus garvey in order to promote resettlement of African Americans to their “African Homeland” and to stimulate a vigorous seperate black economy within the U.S.

modernism

an artistic and cultural movement revolted against comfortable victorian standards and accepted chance, change, contingency uncertainty, and fragmentation. originating among avant-garde artists and intellectuals around the turn of the 20th century, modernism blossomed into a full fledged cultural movement in art, music, literature and architecture

lost generation

a creative circle of expatriate American artists and writers who found inspiration in post-WWI Europe

harlem renaissance

a creative outpouring among African American writers, jazz musicians, and social thinkers, centered around HArlem in the 1920s, that celebrated Black culture and advocated for a “New Negro” in American social, political, and intellectual life