Studied by 6 people
What characteristics do all living organisms share?
Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity (respond to surroundings)
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
(Homeostasis)
Are plants single-celled or multicellular?
Multicellular
Do plants have chloroplasts?
Yes
Do plant cells have cell walls?
Yes, made of cellulose
How do plants store carbohydrates?
Starch (or sucrose)
Do animal cells contain chloroplasts?
No
Do animal cells have cell walls?
No
How do animals store carbohydrates?
Glycogen
Are fungi single-celled or multicellular?
Some are single-celled (eg. yeast) and some are multicellular (eg. Mucor)
Do fungus cells have cell walls?
Yes, made of chitin
Do fungus cells contain chloroplasts?
No
How do fungi feed?
Extracellular secretion of digestive enzymes onto food material eg. a dead organism and absorption of the organic products (saprotrophic)
How is a fungus body organised?
Mycelium made from thread-like structures called hyphae which contain many nuclei
How do fungi store carbohydrates?
Glycogen
Are protoctists single-celled or multicellular?
Single-celled
Do protoctist cells contain chloroplasts?
Some do (eg. Chlorella) whereas some do not (eg. Amoeba)
Do protoctists have cell walls?
Some
Pathogenic example of protoctist
Plasmodium (causes malaria)
Is bacteria eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
Prokaryotic
Do bacteria have a nucleus?
No - circular chromosome of DNA and plasmids which are small ones
Do bacterial cells contain chloroplasts?
Sometimes
Pathogenic example of bacteria
Pneumococcus - causes pneumonia
What is a pathogen?
A disease-causing, harmful microorganism.
Which kinds of organisms can be pathogens?
Bacteria, fungi, protoctists and viruses
Are viruses living?
No
They cannot reproduce without a living host cell
They do not respire
They do not grow or develop
Example of pathogenic virus which affects plants
Tobacco mosaic virus - causes discolouring of tobacco plant leaves by preventing the formation of chloroplasts
Pathogenic virus which affects humans
HIV - causes AIDS
Name four differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms.
Eukaryotes have a nucleus (pro have nucleoid)
Eukaryotes have organelles
Eukaryotes have multiple chromosomes (pro have circular loop of DNA)
Eukaryotes lack plasmids
Are all viruses pathogens?
Yes
Do bacteria have cell walls?
Yes, made of peptidoglycan
How do viruses store genetic information?
Either DNA or RNA
Not in a nucleus
Do viruses have cytoplasm?
No
Do viruses have a cell membrane or cell wall?
No, they’re not cellular
Which type of organism makes antibiotics?
Fungi (eg. Penicillium)
Bacteria
Which type of organism is killed by antibiotics?
Bacteria
Note 
Flashcard (48)