Plant Materials Final Exam

The flower heads of Helianthus annuus tend to follow the path of the sun each day from morning to light

True

Fireblight and apple scab are 2 common problems associated with

1. Malus

2. Pyrus calleryana

Malus

Which of the following has handsome foliage especially as the wind buffets the leaves exposing the silvery underside

1. Magnoila virginiana

2. Magnolia x soulangeana

Magnolia virginiana

Chioanthus virginicus produces flowers in white color, slightly fragrant, showy, and in fleecy soft cluster

True

Which one(s) of the following are true about Liriodendron tulipifera?

1. one of the few large trees with showy flowers

2. tulip-like flowers

3. leaf has broad truncate apex

4. fruits are cone-like aggregate of samaras

ALL

A plant is said to flower on "old wood" is the flower bud was developed on stems from

the previous year

Prunus x incap 'Okame' is a cross of P. incisa x P. campanulata, what type of hyprid is this

Interspecific

Plants flowering in early spring:

1. Chaenomeles speciosa

2. Prunus x incamp 'Okame'

3. Fosythia x intermedia

ALL

A viola basically is a small-flowered version of the pansy

True

Jasminum nudiflorum is one of the few plants that are in flower during the winter months

True

The flowers in Asteraceae consist of ray florets, or petals, surrounding dense centers of disk florets that produce seeds

True

Vitex agnus-castus:

1. Lamiaceae

2. simple leaves

3. palmately compound leaves

4. produce flowers in dense, erect clusters

Lamiaceae, palmately compound leaves, dense clustered flowers

Catharanthus roseus is susceptible to various forms of rots associated with overwatering

True

Hydrangea quercifolia has

1. showy flowers

2. exfoliating cinnamon-brown bark

3. lobed oak-like leaves

4. Oakleaf Hydrangea

ALL

Berberis thunbergii has:

1. bright red berry fruits

2. single spine

3. angled or grooved stems

4. yellowish flowers

ALL

Which one(s) of the following are the winter annual/cool season annuals?

1. vinca

2. viola

3. impatiens

4. brassica oleracea

viola, brassica oleracea

The common name for Cotinus coggygria is Common Smoketree because the showy pubescent pedicels and peduncles of flowers provide the "smoke" appearance

True

Which of the following are true about Poncirus trifoliate?

1. Hardy orange

2. compound leaves with 3 leaflets

3. stems with numerous spines

4. fruits are sweet

Hardy Orange, compound leaves, spines

Which of the following are true about Magnolia x soulangeana?

1. Saucer Magnolia

2. multistemmed

3. flowers appear before leaves emerge

4. late spring frosts and freezes can nip the emerging flower buds

ALL

Which of the following are true about Euonymus alatus?

1. Burning bush

2. compound leaves

3. stems with ridges or corky wings

4. leaves turn bright red in fall

Burning Bush, stems with ridges/corky wings, bright red in fall

Which of the following are true about Aesculus parviflora?

1. Bottlebrush buckeye

2. fruits edible

3. simple leaves

4. palmately compound leaves

Bottlebrush Buckeye, palmately compound leaves

Which of the following are true about Betula nigra?

1. exfoliating bark

2. trunk divided into several large branches

3. evergreen

4. deciduous

exfoliating bark, multistemmed, deciduous

The newly selected MS state flag design contains a magnolia flower

True

Eastern Redbud flowers in spring before leaves appear, some flowers produced on older limbs

True

Hydrangea macrophylla produce flowers in either lacecap form or mophead form

True

Angelonia angustifolia performs well in the heat. It is a great summer-flowering annual

True

Most petunias now grown in the landscape are hybrids

True

There are four main groups of Begonia: Dragon wing, Rex, Tuberous, Wax

True

Antirrhinum majus (Snapdragon) is a tender perennial usually grown as a cool-weather annual

True

Brassica oleracea is a biennial usually grown as an annual with striking foliage and winter and spring color

True

What is the state tree?

Magnoliaceae, Magnolia grandiflora, Southern Magnolia

What is the difference between annual, perennial and biennial?

Annual- whole life cycle in one season

Perennial- life cycle across multiple seasons

Biennial- veg life in 1st year and flowers 2nd year

How can pH affect Hydrangea macrophylla flower colors

acid soil- blue

basic soil- pink

5 F's of Pyrus calleryana 'Bradford'?

flower, fast, fortitude, fireblight resistant, foliage

What is the major landscape value of Forsythia x intermedia (Border Forsythia)

good for color

List 2 ID features that you can use to distinguish between Forsythia x intermedia and Jasminum nudiflorum

Winter Jasmine has compound leaves while Border Forsythia has simple leaves. Winter Jasmine's stems are green when young and turn brown with age

List 1 ID feature that you can use to distinguish between Impatiens and Vinca

Impatiens have a spur on the back of the flower

Describe the unique ID feature of the flowers of Calycanthus floridus

maroon, fragrant, numerous sepals and petals

Describe at least 2 landscape values of Barberry

Borders and hedges, first-rate plants for color and durability. They appear to live forever.

Describe 2 landscape values of annuals

ground cover, grouping, massing, attract butterfiles

The common name for Cotinus coggygria is?

Commmon Smoketree, because of the showy, pubescents pedicles that look like “smoke”

Fireblight and apple scab are two common problems assocaited with:

Malus

What are the 5 F’s of Pyrus calleryana ‘Bradford’? What are its downfalls?

• Flowers (April)

• Foliage (growing season and fall color)

• Fast
  Fortitude (poor soils, drought tolerant, moist)

• Fireblight resistant

short trunk with a tendency to split with age. shorter lifespan typically 10-15 years.

Catharanthus roseus (vinca) is suscetpible to various forms of rots

True, overwatering causes root rot/stem rot

Annuals

from seed to flower to seed within a single growing season

Perennials

persist for many growing seasons

Biennials

two years to complete their life cycles

Winter annual/Cool-season annuals

Viola & Brassica oleracea

A viola is

A small-flowered version of the pansy

Antirrhinum majus (snapdragon) is a

tender perennial grown as a cool-weather annual

Angelonia angustifolia (summer snapdragon) is a

Summer-flowering annual the does well in the heat

Hydrangea macrophylla produces flowers in

both lacecap (flattended flower clusters) form and mophead form (globose flower clusters)

How does pH affect Hydrangea macrophylla flower colors?

The flower color on some cultivars is strongly affected by the pH of the soil. The color changes depend on the concentration of aluminum ions in the soil. The bluest shades are always produced on the most acid soils. pH 5.0 to 5.5, best for blue; pH 6.0 to 6.5 or higher best for pink coloration.

Aesculus parvifolia

Bottlebrush buckeye
Opposite Leaves
Palmatley Compound Leaves

Euonymus alatus

Burning Bush
Stems have ridges or corky wings
Leaves turn to bright red color in fall, hence burning bush

Berberis thunbergii

Single Spine
Angled or grooved stems
Yellowish flowers

Poncirus trifoliate

Hardy Orange
Compound leaves with 3 leaflets
Stems with numerous spine

Vitex agnus-castus

Family: Lamiaceae
Palmatley compound leaves
Produce flowers in dense, erect clusters

How Vines Climb

• Tendrils

• Twiners

• Adhesive Pads

• Clinging Stem roots

How Vines Climb: Tendrils

Tendrils are skinny, wiry structures along the plant's stem that actually reach around in the air until they come into contact with something they can grab. Two types:

• Stem tendrils are shoots that grow from the stem

• Leaf Tendrils are modified laves that emerge from a leaf node

How Vines Climb: Twiners

Either have twining leaves or twining stems.

• Plants with twining leaves, such as clematis, use their leaves like tendrils. The young leaves of these plants are able to twist around slender wires, string, twigs or other leaves

• Twining stems twist around whatever they touch, be it a pole, branch, wire or chair leg. The stems will wind clockwise or counterclockwis

How Vines Climb: Adhesive Pads

stem tendrils with touch-sensitive adhesive pads that allow them to stick to almost any surface.

How Vines Climb: Clinging Aerial Stem Roots:

The stems of these plants produce a cluster of short, stout roots that cling to surfaces of almost any kind

Viola

A viola basically is a small-flowered version of the pansy. For best weather tolerance against snow, wind, and rain, violas rebound more quickly and are better garden performers. • Violas, often called “Johnny-Jump-Ups”. Both the leaves and flowers of pansies and violas are edible and high in vitamins A and C.

Four Groups of Begonia’s

• Dragon Wing Begonias - best for containers and  baskets

• Rex Begonias - beautiful foliage

• Tuberous Begonias - hanging baskets

• Wax Begonias - most common

Two stages of English Ivy

• juvenile stage is the climbing/spreading stage, 3-5 lobed, dark green leaves (to 4” long ) on non-flowering stems with adventitious roots.

• adult stage is the shrubby non climbing stage with rootless stems that do not spread or climb, but do produce round, umbrella-like clusters of greenish white flowers in early fall followed by blue-black berries

Confederate Jasmine Flower vs. Japanese Star Jasmine Flower

• Confederate Jasmine: white, small amount of yellow in the center of the flower, white pedals that are slightly curved over towards the ends of the flower. Confederate Jasmine typically produces flowers more often and in greater quantities

• Japanese Star: yellowish white, yellow around the hole in the center in the shape of a star, and the pedals do not curve towards the ends. Japanese Star Jasmine has smaller leaves in darker green, and smaller flowers in creamy yellow shade. It is more cold hardy than Confederate Jasmine.

Lonicera sempervirens

Trumpet Honeysuckle
Not as vigorous or rampant as L. japonica
Produce trumpet-like shaped flowers

Lonicera japonica (Japanses Honeysuckle) has become

A noxious weed in many areas of the countyr

Acer rubrum

Red Maple

Sapindaceae

Acer saccharum

Sugar Maple

Sapindaceae

Acer x freemanii

Freeman Maple

Sapindaceae

Acer palmatum

Japanese Maple

Sapindaceae

Acer negundo

Boxelder

Sapindaceae

Liquidambar styraciflua

American Sweetgum

Altingiaceae

Cornus florida

Flowering Dogwood

Cornaceae

Cornus kousa

Kousa Dogwood

Cornaceae

Lagerstroemia indica

Common Crape Myrtle

Lythraceae

Lagerstroemia fauriei

Japanese Crape Myrtle

Lythraceae

Carya ovata

Shagbark Hickory

Juglandaceae

Carya illinoinensis

Pecan

Juglandaceae

Juglans nigra

Black Walnut

Juglandaceae

Quercus phellos

Willow Oak

Fagaceae

Leaves look like a willow leaf

Quercus nigra

Water Oak

Fagaceae

Duck feet leaves

Quercus acutissima

Sawtooth Oak

Fagaceae

margin serrate with bristle-like teeth

acorn cap looks hairy

Quercus palustris

Pin Oak

Fagaceae

U-shaped leaves because of wide, deep sinuses.

Shallow ridges on bark.

Striate acorn.

Quercus shumardii

Shumard Oak

Fagaceae

U-shaped leaf sinuses.

Grayish brown bark with deep furrows.

Quercus falcata

Southern Red Oak

Fagaceae

Terminal lobe is often much longer than the lateral ones

"Turkey's foot"

Quercus alba

White Oak

Fagaceae

rounded lobes

underside of leaves are greyish green

Quercus robur

English Oak

Fagaceae

acorn is elongated-conical

leaves will have little "ear lobes" at base of the blade

Quercus lyrata

Overcup Oak

Fagaceae

Acorn cap almost completely encloses the nut.

Small lobes on leaf bottom, 3 main lobes at apex.

Quercus montana

Basket Oak

Fagaceae

about 10-14 pairs of lobes on leaves, each oblique rounded

acorn cap does not have fringe

Quercus michauxii

Swamp Chestnut Oak

Fagaceae

underside of leaf is more whitish

acorn cap does have fringe

Quercus virginiana

Live Oak

Fagaceae

Evergreen leaves

Acorn dark brown to black

Taxodium distichum

Bald Cypress

Cupressaceae

Metasequoia glyptostroboides

Dawn Redwood

Cupressaceae

Celtis laevigata

Sugar Hackberry

Ulmaceae

Ulmus americana

American Elm

Ulmaceae

Ulmus parvifolia

Chinese Elm

Ulmaceae

Platanus occidentalis

American Planetree, Sycamore

Platanaceae