Wk. 11 - AKI/CKD Practice Questions Foreign Language

Which of the following is the primary function of the kidneys? a) Production of insulin b) Filtration and waste removal c) Synthesis of red blood cells d) Regulation of body temperature

B

A patient with prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI) is likely to have which of the following lab findings? a) Decreased BUN/Creatinine ratio b) Increased BUN/Creatinine ratio c) Increased urine output d) Decreased potassium levels

B

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who has hyperkalemia. What is the most appropriate nursing action? a) Administer potassium supplements b) Encourage a diet high in potassium c) Administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) d) Hold the patient's antihypertensive medications

C

A patient with postrenal AKI is most likely to present with: a) Hypotension and oliguria b) Anuria and hydronephrosis c) Proteinuria and muddy brown casts d) Hypertension and fluid retention

B

Which of the following conditions is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease? a) Hypertension b) Diabetes mellitus c) Autoimmune disorders d) Recurrent acute kidney injury

B

Which of the following are functions of the kidney? (Select all that apply.) A. Filtration of blood B. Regulation of blood pressure C. Synthesis of insulin D. Erythropoiesis E. Conversion of vitamin D to its active form

A,B,D,E

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) is at risk for which of the following complications? (Select all that apply.) a. Hyperkalemia b. Metabolic acidosis c. Hypophosphatemia d. Hypertension e. Dehydration

A,B,D

Which of the following patients are at high risk for developing chronic kidney disease (CKD)? (Select all that apply.) a. A 60-year-old with uncontrolled diabetes b. A 45-year-old with polycystic kidney disease c. A 25-year-old with frequent kidney stones d. A 72-year-old with a history of recurrent AKI episodes e. A 50-year-old who takes NSAIDs daily for arthritis

A,B,D,E

Which interventions should be included in the care of a patient with chronic kidney disease? (Select all that apply.) a. Sodium and fluid restriction b. High-protein diet c. Monitoring for hyperkalemia d. Administration of erythropoietin-stimulating agents e. Avoidance of nephrotoxic drugs

A,B,D,E

True or False: The kidneys help regulate acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate.

True

True or False: The presence of proteinuria in a patient with CKD is a sign of kidney damage.

True

True or False: In postrenal AKI, obstruction of urine flow leads to hydronephrosis and increased pressure in the kidneys.

True

True or False: Patients with chronic kidney disease should be encouraged to increase their phosphorus intake.

False

True or False: Hemodialysis is the first-line treatment for all patients with stage 3 CKD.

False

A patient in the ICU develops acute kidney injury following contrast dye administration. What type of AKI does the nurse suspect? a) Prerenal b) Intrarenal c) Postrenal d) Obstructive

B

A patient with CKD is receiving erythropoietin therapy. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor? a) Serum potassium b) Hemoglobin c) Blood urea nitrogen d) Creatinine clearance

B

A patient with CKD is experiencing pruritus. What is the likely cause? a) Uremic toxin buildup b) Hyperglycemia c) Hypocalcemia d) Dehydration

A

A patient with stage 4 CKD has a serum potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L. What intervention should the nurse anticipate? a) Administering calcium gluconate b) Encouraging a high-potassium diet c) Discontinuing diuretics d) Administering IV potassium

A

The nurse is reviewing the lab results of a patient with CKD. Which finding is expected? a) Hypophosphatemia b) Hypokalemia c) Elevated creatinine d) Decreased BUN

C

A patient with AKI is in the oliguric phase. Which assessment finding is most concerning? a) Urine output of 400 mL/day b) Serum potassium of 6.5 mEq/L c) Blood pressure of 130/80 mmHg d) Mild peripheral edema

B

A patient with CKD is prescribed a phosphate binder. The nurse should teach the patient to take this medication: a) On an empty stomach b) With meals c) Before bedtime d) Only when experiencing symptoms

B

Which patient is most at risk for developing prerenal AKI? a) A 30-year-old with nephrotoxic drug exposure b) A 45-year-old with an enlarged prostate c) A 70-year-old with severe dehydration d) A 55-year-old with a kidney stone

C

A patient with AKI has a serum creatinine level that is 2.5 times their baseline and has been oliguric for 16 hours. What KDIGO stage is this? a) Stage 1 b) Stage 2 c) Stage 3 d) Not classified

B

The nurse is monitoring a patient with CKD for signs of metabolic acidosis. Which finding would support this diagnosis? a) Decreased respiratory rate b) pH of 7.30 c) Increased serum bicarbonate d) Decreased potassium

B

A patient is undergoing dialysis for CKD. Which dietary recommendation should the nurse reinforce? a) Increase protein intake significantly b) Consume a low-phosphorus diet c) Increase sodium intake d) Avoid calcium-containing foods

B