Key Points Infants

These flashcards cover essential concepts related to infant development, including psychological, physical, and nutritional aspects.

Temperament

Influences the interactions between the child and parents, guiding appropriate child-rearing techniques.

Separation anxiety

Develops between ages 4 and 8 months, manifesting as protest through crying when separated from mother.

Piaget's theory of cognitive development

Focuses on the sensorimotor phase, including the achievement of object permanence.

Object permanence

The realization that objects continue to exist even when they are not visible.

Trust vs. mistrust

Erikson's psychosocial development stage (birth to 1 year), centered on the quality of the caregiver-child relationship.

Physical growth rate

Infant birth weight should double by 6 months and triple by 12 months; head size also grows rapidly.

Fluoride

Essential mineral for building caries-resistant teeth, needed from 6 months if the water supply is inadequate.

Injuries in infancy

Major causes of death include suffocation, motor vehicle-related injuries, and drowning; prevention is crucial.

Breast milk

The most desirable food for infants during the first 6 months; exclusively breastfed infants require vitamin D supplements.

Development of motor skills

Includes abilities such as controlling head movement, sitting without support, and crawling throughout the first year.