APUSH PD 4 11/25/25

What established the principle of judicial review?

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

What was the main significance of the Election of 1800?

First peaceful transfer of power between political parties

What was the constitutional dilemma of the Louisiana Purchase?

Strict constructionist Jefferson used loose interpretation to buy land

What was the main goal of Henry Clay's "American System"?

Unify economy through bank, tariffs, and internal improvements

What is the concept of "nullification"?

State could declare federal law void within its borders

Why did Andrew Jackson veto the Second National Bank?

Believed it was unconstitutional and favored the wealthy

What was the "corrupt bargain" of the 1824 election?

Clay helped elect J.Q. Adams, who made Clay Secretary of State

What was the "spoils system"?

Rewarding political supporters with government jobs

What was the main idea of "Manifest Destiny"?

US was destined to expand across North America

What was the "cult of domesticity"?

Women's role as moral center of the home and family

What movement emphasized emotion, nature, and individualism?

Transcendentalism

What was the primary goal of the Second Great Awakening?

Religious revival emphasizing personal salvation and reform

What was the significance of the Seneca Falls Convention?

First women's rights convention; demanded suffrage

What was the main effect of the Missouri Compromise?

Preserved balance between free/slave states with 36°30' line

What was the main cause of the War of 1812?

British violations of US neutrality (impressment, seizing ships)

What was the main idea of the Monroe Doctrine?

Warned Europe not to interfere in Western Hemisphere

What was the "Trail of Tears"?

Forced relocation of Native Americans west of Mississippi

What was the "Market Revolution"?

Shift from subsistence farming to national market economy

How did the Erie Canal impact the US?

Connected Great Lakes to Atlantic, boosted trade and expansion

What was the impact of the cotton gin?

Made cotton profitable, revitalized slavery in South

What was the goal of the temperance movement?

Reduce or prohibit alcohol consumption

Who was the abolitionist publisher of The Liberator?

William Lloyd Garrison

Who was a leader for public education reform?

Horace Mann

Who campaigned for better treatment of the mentally ill?

Dorothea Dix

What was a common form of enslaved people's resistance?

Work slowdowns, breaking tools, feigning illness

What was the Underground Railroad?

Network of secret routes and safe houses to freedom

What was the result of Nat Turner's Rebellion?

Harsh reprisals and stricter slave codes in South