Disorders Study Guide

These flashcards cover key concepts related to various psychological disorders as outlined in the lecture notes.

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Disorders that affect the development of the nervous system, including ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorder.

ADHD

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

A developmental disorder that affects communication and behavior, often characterized by repetitive behaviors and challenges with social interaction.

Schizophrenia

A disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, disorganized motor behavior, and negative symptoms.

Delusions

False beliefs that are a positive symptom of schizophrenia, which can include persecution or grandeur.

Hallucinations

False perceptions experienced in one or more senses, often associated with schizophrenia.

Disorganized Thinking

A positive symptom of schizophrenia that can manifest as nonsensical speech or 'word salad'.

Catatonia

A disorganized motor behavior that can present as either extreme excitement (positive symptom) or stupor (negative symptom).

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms in schizophrenia that involve the absence of typical behaviors, like lack of emotional expression or movement.

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

A depressive disorder characterized by a sad, empty, or irritable mood that impairs daily functioning.

Bipolar Disorder

A disorder involving periods of mania and depression, including Bipolar I and Bipolar II.

Specific Phobia

A disorder characterized by excessive fear or anxiety toward a specific object or situation.

Agoraphobia

An intense fear of specific social situations, often leading to avoidance of these situations.

Panic Disorder

A disorder marked by sudden and overwhelming panic attacks that include biological, cognitive, and emotional symptoms.

Social Anxiety Disorder

An intense fear of being judged or watched by others, which may include elements of agoraphobia.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

A disorder characterized by prolonged, nonspecific experiences of anxiety or fear.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

A disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) intended to alleviate those obsessions.

Dissociative Disorders

Disorders characterized by dissociations from consciousness, memory, identity, emotion, or perception.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

A trauma and stressor-related disorder marked by symptoms such as hypervigilance and flashbacks following a traumatic event.

Anorexia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, leading to severe food restriction.

Bulimia Nervosa

An eating disorder characterized by binge eating followed by purging to prevent weight gain.

Personality Disorders

Disorders characterized by enduring patterns of behavior and internal experience that deviate from cultural norms.

Cluster A Personality Disorders

The cluster characterized by odd or eccentric behaviors, including paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal disorders.

Cluster B Personality Disorders

The cluster characterized by dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors, including antisocial, histrionic, narcissistic, and borderline disorders.

Cluster C Personality Disorders

The cluster characterized by anxious or fearful behaviors, including avoidant, dependent, and obsessive-compulsive disorders.