ARH-314 Ancient Egypt

Upper and Lower Egypt

Upper Egypt was upstream of the Nile, lower Egypt was north

Old Kingdom

First unification, 2681-2661 BCE

New Kingdom

2nd Reunification, 1500-1000 BCE

Mastaba

trapezoidal tomb

Step Pyramid

Pyramid with tiered levels

Imhotep

famous architect for King Djoser

Column

Vertical support structure

Engaged Column

a column attached to a wall

Pyramid

A solid sloped tomb

Mortuary Complex/Temple

Temple associated with a deceased pharaoh's worship.

Rock-Cut Tomb

Tomb carved directly into rock

Hypostyle/Hypostyle Hall

supported by columns/hall supported by collumns

Hatshepsut

Woman King of Egypt, legitimized rule through architecture, was erased by her stepson

Mentuhotep I

beloved Pharaoh who founded the Middle kingdom

Senemut

Architect for Hatshepsut

Ramesses II

longest reigning pharaoh, most architectural contributions

Pyramid of Khufu

First pyramid, constant slope

Axial design

formatted around an axis/walkway

Abu Simbel

rock cut temple of Ramesses II, display of colonialism

Saqqara complex

burial complex with pyramid of Djoser, first step pyramid