Biology quiz chapter 5

hi

selective permeability

some substances can cross, some cannot.

passive transport

cell rely on diffusion to move across the membrane

diffusion of a substance across a biological membrane, with no expenditure of energy. 

diffusion

particles want to spread out. Particles in/out of the cell 

osmosis

water diffusion

free water

water that is moving free if it's not interreacting with other solutes

tonicity

how a cell responding to concentration gradients of water and what happens to it moving through the cell

isotonic

volume constant, balanced gradient H20 in = h2o out

hypotonic

solution has lower solute than the cell h20 in lysis 

hypertonic

solution with solute higher than cell h20 out makes it shriveled 

osmoregulation

homeostatic maintenance of solute concentrations and water balance by a cell or organism

facilitated diffusion

passage of a substance through a specific transport protein across a biological membrane down its concentration gradient

active transport

movement of a substance across a biological membrane against its concentration gradient, aided by specific transport proteins and requiring an input of energy

Kinetic energy

energy of motion

thermal energy

movement of atoms

potential energy

found in matter due to location/structure of objectes

chemical energy

is potential energy in bonds for chemical reactions

exergonic

energy released

endergonic

energy required

Adenosine triphosphate

power works in a cell