2024 APHuG Final Exam Review

What is the primary assumption of Environmental Determinism?

The physical environment controls human culture.

What data analysis sources are used to create spatial analysis products?

Census Surveys

What are regions that make up political geographic divisions called?

Formal Regions

Why does every map projection have some degree of distortion?

a curved surface cannot be represented on a flat surface without distortion

Why would a town planner use 1:24.00 scale not 1:250.000 scale?

The map at the 1:24,000 scale shows the town close-up in more detail.

What are some concerns for a country with aging populations?

As the proportion of older people in the country increases, fewer young workers are available to contribute tax revenues to support programs that provide services to the older population.

What caused the increase in asylum seekers from Syria to European Union recently?

A continuing issue of conflict and political unrest within Syria

If someone chooses to vacation somewhere closer and cheaper, what concept does this illustrate?

Intervening Opportunity

What population pyramid represents a college town?

D

What statements can be made about the DTM?

The Demographic Transition Model (apprev. DTM) has five stages that can be used to explain population increases or decreases.

The alignment of Chinese cities towards cardinal directions illustrates what concepts?

Belief Systems

What explains process of assimilation?

The American government educated Native American children in American-style boarding schools. All of the children were taught English, and girls were taught how to be homemakers.

What concept is the belief that one’s own culture is better than others?

Ethnocentrism

What best explains why Christianity became the dominant religion in the Philippines?

Christianity was brought to the Philippines through relocation diffusion when the Spanish colonized the Philippines in the sixteenth century.

When California bans plastic straws, what type of diffusion will describe the spread of the practice?

Similar environmental laws will likely spread through stimulus diffusion to other states via political activism.

What group is a nation without a state?

Stateless Nation (The Kurds)

What are examples of Balkanization?

Yugoslavia

What are boundaries based on the median-line principle?

A nation's maritime boundaries should conform to a median-line equidistant from the shores of neighboring nation-states. The principle of this line is that each country has equal rights to use available natural resources. (Associated with bodies of water.)

What describes the former boundary between East Germany and West Germany?

Relict Boundary

Why did the Canadian Government create the Nunavut territory?

To recognize the territorial rights of indigenous people in the area.

What agricultural practices have the most significant long-term environmental impact in tropical regions?

Burning extensive areas of forested land to create pasture, which decreases biodiversity.

What best explains potential impact of rising global temperatures on agricultural regions?

The wheat belt will shift northward.

Why would farmers plant both strawberries and watermelons on the same field?

Limited farmland encourages intensive farming with intercropping to produce high yields.

How has global demand for palm oil proven both beneficial and detrimental for countries?

Palm oil exports provided substantial corporate profits, but the growth in the industry resulted in heavy deforestation in both countries.

What explains why multiple early hearths of domestication and cultivation of plants and animals appear at the same time across the world?

Domestication of plants and animals evolved in each hearth independently of one another as societies in each area learned and applied the process to local plants and animals

What is built on the most accessible sites in the development of urban land?

Retail Complexes

What has (not) helped create ghettos in North American cities?

Economic Enterprise Zones

What is the threshold defined as in the Central Place Theory?

Threshold is the maximum number of people needed to support the service.

What defined Chicago’s position in relation to US infrastructure?

Situation

What are true statements about classical models of city structure?

The sector model is highly influenced by transportation patterns.

What do major factors like environmental laws, labor availability, and access to markets affect?

Manufacturing Locations

What idea of core-periphery models generally based on?

Sharp spatial contrasts in social and economic development exist between economic heartlands and outlying subordinate areas.

What are the benefits of membership in the EU?

Member states form a single market, which creates a powerful economic bloc.