CAFS prelims study cards

Factors effecting wellbeing

social, physical, emotional, economic, cultural, spiritual

Needs

Resources that are crucial for survival - sustaining our physical and mental health

Examples of Needs

food and water, shelter, clothing, health, education, employment, safety, sense of identity

Wants

Prefrences aimed to increase wellbeing

Examples of Wants

mobile phone, car, gym membership, travel experiences

Acronym for specific needs

SHE SEA

SHE SEA

• sense of identity

• health

• education

• safety and security

• employment

• adequate standard of living

Maslow’s Heirarchy

“lower order” needs must be satisfied before a person can reach higher order needs

top - self actualisation

• esteem

• love and belonging

• safety

• physiological needs (most important)

Resources

items that an individual uses to satisfy their needs and wants

Human Resources - non tangible

sight, initiative, empathy, communication, speech,

Non-Human Resources - tangible

can be seen and used - food, clothing, computer, plants, money

Resource interchangeability

some resources are interchangeable. They can be exchanged

Conserving resources

Reuse, Share, Recycle, Reduce

Sustainability

Human Resources are finite and non-human resources deteriorate, so its important to conserve resources

Wellbeing

the degree of satisfaction that an individual or group feels when their needs are met. - changes throughout their life

Factors affecting wellbeing

SPEECS

SPEECS

• social

• physical

• emotional

• economic

• cultural

• spiritual

individual wellbeing

a persons state of holistic health encapsulating physical, emotional, social, intellectual and spiritual health

Group wellbeing

involves the needs associated with all members (stakeholders) of a certain group

Acronym for goal setting

SMART

SMART

• Specific

• Measurable

• Achievable

• Relevant

• Time bound

Personal Values

• qualities that an individual or family believes to be desirable and important in life

• developed at a young age and are influenced by family, religion, and culture

Past Experiences

moment we have lives and learnt from

Past Experiences and Personal values

they shape how we view the world and what we deem important

Factors affecting resource management

• once we have prioritised the resources that we need and want based on our past experiences and personal values it comes down to the availability of and access to these resources

GAS CD

• Gender

• Age

• Socioeconomic status

• Culture

• Disability

GAS CD

factors influencing availability of and access to resources

Formal Support

government agencies, community organisations

Informal support

relatives, friends, neighbours

Personal Management skills

Planning and Organising

keeps individuals focused on completing tasks through setting priorities, enabling control over time and enhancing self-confidence

Communication

how individuals share ideas, opinions or feelings to other people

characteristics of communication

Verbal, Non-Verbal, agressive, passive, assertive

Five decision making styles

• Rational

• impulsive

• intuitive

• hesitant

• confident

Problem solving

skills used in unideal situations to come up with solutions to improve or resolve the issue.

Strategies for effective resource management

• using interchangeable resources

• adopting sustainable behaviours

• accessing support

• developing personal management skills

• engaging in education and training

Verbs

Describe

provide characteristics and features

explain

relate cause and effect, make the relationships between things evident, provide why and/or how

suggest

to mention, introduce or propose an idea or plan

define

state meaning and identity essential qualities

analyse

identify components and the relationship between them

• draw out and relate implications

discuss

identify issues and provide points for and/or against

INDIVIDUALS AND GROUPS - UNIT 2

Groups and communities

• family/friendships

• sports and leisure

• geographical location

• work

• religious groups

• cultural

Power Bases

• legitimate

• reward

• coercive

• referent

• expert

Legitimate

a hierarchical structure, whereby the higher up a group member is, the greater power they have

Reward

a leader who gives awards or prizes to other group members

Coercive

A leader exerts power by threatening to remove privileges through dictative communication

Referent

the power obtained when the leader sets by example

Expert

leadership position given to the person with the most knowledge and expertise

Self leadership

having ownership of our own decisions to achieve personal goals.

Leadership styles

• democratic

• laissez-faire

• autocratic

• transformational

Features of a democratic leadership style

• collaboration

• active listening

• teamwork

• trust

• respect

Features of a laissez-faire leadership style

• minimal input

• lack of direction

• laid back

• non-task orientated

Features of a autocratic leadership style

• opposite of democratic

• absolute control

• dictorial and authoritarian

• task orientated

Features of a transformational leadership style

• supportive

• inspirational

• encouraging

Democratic Leadership

the leader involves other group members in decision making and working towards goals

Autocratic Leadership

the leader has total decision making power and absolute control over other group members

Laissez-faire Leadership

a laid back, relaxed leader who puts minimal input towards group progress

Transformational Leadership

a leader who is inspirational, praiseful, compassionate and encouraging of personal growth

Families and Communities - unit 3

Family

Two or more people who are present in each others lives, who are related through blood ties, adoption, marriage or legal contracts and who share similar beliefs and morals

• comes in different forms

Community

• a group of people within society who have a common background or share interests and who may live in a similar area

Reasons for community formation

social needs - individuals gain happiness and satisfaction through interacting with others

geography- physical, social and climatic environment can develop a community

common interests - religion, culture, hobbies, business, sport, music

Levels of community organisation

• local

• state

• national

• global

roles groups adopt within communities

• satisfying specific needs

• building relationships

• promoting wellbeing

satisfying specific needs

the main priority for communities is to ensure that there are sufficient resources available to allow for a high standard of living and to address the essential needs of their members, such as food, shelter, healthcare, and education.

Example: vines, royal flying doctors service

• charity groups, religious groups, health services, emergency services groups

Building relationships - Groups

groups help with meeting other like minded people which helps build relationships

Promoting well-being

community groups have a responsibility to promote positive wellbeing

Influences on decision making in communities

• legislation

• environmental factors

• lobbying and community petitions

• protesting

Legislation

any laws or rules that can be enforced legally and that were created by the government

Environmental factors

when communities are deciding on what resources to use, they need to also consider the possible impacts of each resource on the environment

Lobbying and community petitions

when groups of people try to influence the decisions of law makers through emails, letters or protest rallies

• community petitions involve masses of individuals signing their name to support an issue

Protesting

many people gather to declare their opposition towards something

Decision making processes in communities

• arbitration

• consensus

• election and voting

• referendum

Arbitration

used to resolve disputes

• evidence is presented from the two different parties

• this is discussed and argued over at an arbitral tribunal who convene to reach a resolution

• an appointed arbitrator makes a legally binding decision

tribunal

a panel of unbiased adjudicators or mediators

Consensus

a general agreement and includes all parties in the decision making process

• multiple parties discuss their point of view and are challenged by others

• the group comes to an overarching agreement without needing to take a vote

Election and voting

individuals are given the opportunity to vote for an option

• critical process in elections, especially when deciding on a political position

• necessary process in a democratic government like Australia

• individuals formally express their choice in their vote

• votes are counted up after an election, and the person with the highest votes is elected

Referendum

all adults who live in a certain area(electorate) are mandated to vote for a change in the constitution

Family Structures

• extended families

• foster families

• nuclear families

• same sex families

• sole parent families

• kinship families

Extended families

• when a core family and a relative live in the same house

• for western cultures, this type of family structure is not common and other relatives usually live separately

• in other cultures, extended families are common and elders often live together with the core family

Foster families

• when children or young people cant live with their biological parents so foster cares provide short or long term care

• the foster family has a responsibility to provide a warm, nurturing, kind and safe environment for the child

• foster parents have no legal rights over the child

Nuclear Families

when a heterosexual couple and their biological offspring live together

most common family structure in Australia

Same Sex families

• when two people of the same sex are in a relationship

• in 2017 the Australian government passed a law to allow same sex couples to marry

• while some couples may not be able to conceive biological children, other avenues like surrogacy or adoption are popular choices for those that wish to have children

Sole parent families

• when there is only one parents looking after one or more children

• the individual parent is responsible for finances, emotional support, child rearing and domestic work

• can be formed due to a divorce, separation or the death of a parent

Kinship families

• this structure is closely related to Australian First Nations communities

• children often move around household as the entire indigenous community takes responsibility for caring for the child

Roles individuals adopt within families

• promoting wellbeing

• building relationships

• satisfying specific needs

Promoting wellbeing

all about ensuring everyone feels happy, as though they belong and have a good sense of wellbeing in the family

• usually this role falls upon the parents

Building relationships

• family relationships should be built on showing respect, having trust and confidence, sharing a common purpose and having honest communication

• families are often the first place where people develop strong relationships, which are essential for having support throughout their life

Satisfying specific needs - families

each family member can take on this role and can be in charge of satisfying different needs

Questonares as a primary research method

• a questionnaire is a set of formally prepared questions, completed sole by the respondent that can gain information about a range of topics

• the questions used in questionnaires need to be reliable to allow for constituent results

• sw

Pros of questionnaires