Egypt after WWI: Test

Khedival Dynasty

•  ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereignty

Khedive

• victory

Muhammad Ali Pasha

• -albanian general sent by the ottoman sulton to regain control of egypt after france withdrew.

Reasons Britain wanted influence in Egypt

• cotton for textile mills & other raw materials. Suez canal

Suez Canal

a man-made waterway in Egypt that connects the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea, providing a shortcut between Europe and Asia

Urabi Revolt

Initiated from inside the Egyptian Army by an officer named Ahmed urban, the British wanted to shrink the military, and that affected the native born Egyptians. urabi told Khedive Ismail to reject the plan… He did and the British responded by removing Khedive ,uarbi got arrested in his troop, storm the prison.

Lord Cromer

Dominated British policy in Egypt, managed Egyptians debts. Discouraged Egyptian manufacturing so raw materials can go to Britain discouraged education so the people didn't demand rights. Discouraged politics because Egyptians shouldn't govern themselves. Appointed British officials in Egyptian government.

Dinshaway Incident

Violent clash between British soldiers who were hunting pigeons and Egyptian peasants. Peasants raised pigeons for eggs and meat. That was a delicacy. Fire started while soldiers were hunting. Peasants then surrounded soldiers with weapons. Two shots fired by the British and four peasants were wounded. Unfair trial later on two peasants being hung.

British Troops in Egypt during WWI

During World War I allied forces used Egypt as a base for launching attacks against the Ottomans. Egypt had been under occupation since 1882. Fights occurred between station troops and native Egyptians. Troops seized animals and resources from farms and they are large consumption of goods inflamed the prices for.

The Wafd Party 

Egyptian nationalist party. Led by negotiations lead to limited Egyptian independence in 1922. After the 1936 Angelo Egyptian treaty and the February 4 incident.

Saad Zaghlul

led a group of egyptains toa sk the british high commissioner to send a delegation to the Versailles peace conforenec to negotiate for Egyptian independence. Britsih refecused and exiled him to Malta.

1919 Egyptian Revolution

Zaghluls first request to go to the Paris peace conference was rejected and he was exiled to Malta. Protest broke out, 800 Egyptians killed, British declared Egypt independence in 1922.

1922 Egyptian Declaration of Independence

Britain declared Egypt was no longer a protectorate and a sovereign independent nation. Brent allowed to defend foreign interest and implied Britain could continue to keep military forces in Egypt.

1923 Egyptian Constitution

Egypt's first constitution. Provided important protections for individual freedoms, but the king got most of the power.

1936 Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of Alliance

Britain recognized independence, but continued to provide British military in the Suez Canal zone. Signed by an elected Wafd government which gave Egyptian control to deployment of British troops on Egyptian soil.

Feminists: Huda Sha’rawi 

Lead Egypt’s feminist movement during the inter-war years. She removed her veil at a Camino railway station in 1923. Founded Egypt's feminist union which cared for women's suffrage.

Taha Husayn

Egyptian writer from the inter-warriors who downplayed Egypt Islamic heritage and focused on glorifying the nations connection to the Nile river and it's pharonic party.

Hasan al-Bana

Created the Muslim brotherhood

Muslim Brotherhood 

Egypt nationalist movement that proclaimed social and political regeneration in Egypt. Basically a terrorist organization connected to Islam and used to guide force in nation life. Became an example for later fundamentalist movements in the Islamic world.

• February 4th Incident

1942 King Farooq wanted his friend to take the Prime Minister position, instead of the British wanted for root to call El-Nahhas British rounded for roots home with tanks. Farouq went along.

King Faruq

Hated the party, king of Egypt from 1936 to 52, Britain forced him to make Mustafa al Nahas, his Prime Minister, removed by Nasser

Formation of the Arab League

International organization of independent Arab states formed in 1945 to promote culture and economic and military and political and social cooperation. Formed by headquarters in Cairo. became group Arab states expressed for creation of Jewish state. Symbol of leadership in Egypt.