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What are the 5 aspects of science?
Subject field, method, practitioners, knowledge, motivation
What distinguishes the natural sciences from other academic endeavors?
the sciences involve studying the non-volitional material world while the arts and humanities study the volitional material world
What are the knowledge bases of science?
Knowledge-1 = the description of facts or events
knowledge-2 = the total collection of conceptual frameworks and paradigms to understand the essence behind appearance.
What is hypothesis?
an initial belief that is adopted to explain certain facts before testing begins
“Science (art) reclothes nature with a higher reality born of the mind”
George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
“Science (art) does not reproduce the visible; science makes visible.“
Paul Klee
“Science (art) reveals the reality that is behind the visible thing; a tendency toward the abstract is inherent.”
Paul Klee
Science (revelation) is the intercourse of mind and event.”
William Temple
“Science (myth) is the language of imaginative insight into ultimate reality, which reveals the truth under the form of symbol. To know physics (myth), therefore, in the proper sense, is to be initiated into a unique experience of reality.”
Bede Alan Griffith
“Truth ____ from ___ than from ___”
“emerges more readily, error, confusion” - Francis Bacon
What are the three ways fact can be achieved in science?
Through observations, confirmation points(test result gave positive result), confirmed hypothesis(Newton’s Laws of Motion)
What are the 6 ways we can describe facts?
Through symbolization, classification, association, ordering, measurement, and correlation
What are 3 motivations for pursuing scientific advancement?
Practical need to control, intellectual urge to understand, and aesthetic need to enjoy.
“The power of using abstractions is the essence of intellect, and with every increase in abstraction the intellectual triumphs of science are enhanced. “
Bertrand Russell
“Thought is abstract, and the intolerant use of abstraction is the major vice of the intellect. “
Alfred North Whitehead
“All that is essential is invisible to the eye.” “Only with the heart can one see rightly.”
Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
What does CCHAPP stand for?
context, community, hermeneutics, aesthetics, particles, paradigm.
“The universe is made of stories, not of atoms.”
Muriel Rukeyser
“Beauty is __”
“..unity in variety” - Samuel Taylor Coleridge
“It is more important to have beauty in one's equations than to have them fit experiment.”
P.A.M. Dirac
“Whenever you get two people interpreting the same data in different ways, that’s metaphysics.”
Kuhn from Horgan
“I paint things as I think them, not as I see them.”
Picasso
“Heard melodies are sweet, but those unheard Are sweeter: therefore, ye soft pipes, play on; Not to the sensual ear, but more endear'd, Pipe to the spirit ditties of no tone: …....
"Beauty is truth, truth beauty," - that is all Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.”
John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn
“We shall not cease from exploration.
And the end of all our exploring
Will be to arrive where we started
And know the place for the first time.”
T.S. Eliot, Little Gidding
“Turning and turning in the widening gyre The falcon cannot hear the falconer. Things fall apart; the centre cannot hold; Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world, …”
William Butler Yeats
What is noumenon?
things that can be conceived but not necessarily perceived such as God and the soul
What is a revelatory science?
a science that generates knowledge that reveal the reality that is behind the visible event, essence i.e. cow picture
What are the 5th truth criteria for physics and other sciences/Why do so few scientists care for philosophy?
a great and enjoyable game(no one wants to read philosophy of golf)
power
beauty
de-regionalized knowledge(abstract symbols that everyone can know)
An understanding of the mind of God and the objective truth of reality
What is metaphysical naturalism?
(aka scientific materialism) a worldview stating there is nothing but material elements under scientific rules
What is methodological naturalism?
a philosophy for understanding the material world for which metaphysical naturalism is only one possible philosophical foundation among a great many potential others
What are the three basic interpretative/hermeneutical questions related to understanding a text?
What does it say?
What does it mean?
What does it mean to me/us?
Immanuel Kant lived from ___ to ___. He was of ___ nationality and lived int eh city of ___ in the country of ____ . One of his most famous works is called ___ __ published in 1781.
“1724-1804”, “German”, “Kalinigrad”, “Russia”, “a critique of pure reason”
“It may seem obvious that ___ interpret ___ “
“scientists, nature” rewritten from Westphal that had Christians and bible instead
How might the greek four element conceptual framework for understanding the material world be considered naive realism?
They simply assumed the world was composed of the 4 elements with little to no extensive scientific testing. They simply believed it was common sense.
“…working up the raw material of sensation into the finished product of thought”
Will D.
Who sang Is That All There Is?
Peggy Lee
Does Jerry Coyne believe you have free will?
nO
What are the 5 unique/distinguishing features of human beings?
Human sacrifice
killing of conspecifics
intraspecific warfare in permanence
a permanent split between reason and emotion
a disparity between the growth curves for technological achievement and ethical/moral achievement
Third-order polynomial dualist?
essentially someone whose worldview is shaped by both the material world and the unseen world
what are the steps in the Kuhn Cycle?
Normal Science
Model Drift
Model Crisis
Model Revolution
Paradigm shift
What is normal science?
When scientists work within an established paradigm
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