AP Psychology: Unit 8 Topic 3

Social and Moral Development

Erik Erikson’s stages of development

a psychoanalytic theory identifying eight sequential stages from birth to death, where individuals must resolve specific social-emotional crises

identity

an individual's sense of self, characterized by a consistent, unique, and evolving combination of personal traits, beliefs, memories, social roles, and group affiliations

basic trust

according to Erik Erikson, a sense that the world is predictable and trustworthy; said to be formed during infancy by appropriate experiences with responsive caregivers

self-concept

all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question, “Who am I?”

cross-sectional study

an observational research method that analyzes data from a population, or a representative subset, at one specific point in time

longitudinal study

a research method that involves repeated, continuous observation or testing of the same individuals over an extended period, ranging from months to decades

adverse childhood experiences

potentially traumatic events occurring before age 18, such as abuse, neglect, or household dysfunction