Dental Radiographic/ processing Errors

Exposure and Technique errors

Incorrect film placement

Incorrect angulation

Incorrect positioning of PID

Incorrect exposure factors

Miscellaneous

Incorrect film placement can cause ?

Apical cut-off

Crown cut-off

Film too mesial

Film too distal

Overlapping

Slanted occlusal plane

Apical cut-off

Crown cut-off

Overlapping

Slanted Occlusal plane

Incorrect angulation errors?

elongation

foreshortening

overlapping

Incorrect PID postioning error can cause this

Cone cutting

Incorrect exposure factors cause these errors

Unexposed film

Underexposed film

Overexposed film

Miscellaneous errors

Film bending

Film creasing

Blurred image

Reverse film-herringbone

Film bend

Film crease

Processing errors are caused by

Incorrect technique

Contamination with chemicals

Improper film handling

Processing errors

Overdeveloped image

Underdevloped image

Developer spots

Fixer spots

yellow/brown color

developer cut off

fixer cut off

overlapped films

air bubbles

finger nail

fingerprints

static elecricity

scratches

light leak

fogged film

black streaks

saliva leak

reticulation

Reticulation

When film is subjected to a sudden temperature change between the developer and the water. Appears as cracked film

Developer contamination

Fixer contamination

Fixer cut off

A straght black border, film not completely immersed in fixer.

Developer cut off

A straight white border due to underdeveloped portion. Film not completely immersed in developer.

What do yellow-brown stains on the film result from?

use of exhausted developer

insufficient fixer time

insufficient rinsing

what type of error is overlapped films? & how do they appear?

film handling error

appear as white or dark areas where the overlap occured

film air bubbles

occur when air is trapped on the film surface after the film is placed in the processing solution

fingerprint artifact

scratched film

occurs when the soft emulsion is removed from the film base by a sharp object such as a film clip

fogged film

occurs from improper safelight & light leaks

improper film storage

outdated films

contaminated processing solutions

how does static electricity occur?

opening a film packet quickly

low humidity

opening a film packet before touching another object, such as the film processer on counter top in a carpeted office

how does static electricity appear on film?

black branching lines

fingernail artifact error

when film emulsion is damaged by the operators fingernail

appears as a black crescent shape mark

overdeveloped film

underdeveloped film

Underexposed film

Overexposed film

reverse film