CHAPTER 8: MASLOW HOLISTIC-DYNAMIC THEORY

Holistic-dynamic theory

assumes that the whole person is constantly being motivated by one need or another, and that people have the potential to grow toward psychological health, that is, self-actualization.

Conative Needs

the five needs composing the hierarchy

Physiological Needs

the most basic need such as food, water, oxygen, maintenance of body temperature and so on. It is the most prepotent of all and has recurring nature. They are the only needs that can be completely satisfied or even overly satisfied

Safety Needs

Includes physical security, stability, and freedom from threatening forces. It cannot be overly satisfied.

Love and Belongingness Needs

desire for friendship, the wish for partner and children, and the need to belong to a family.

Esteem Needs

includes self-respect, confidence, competence, and the knowledge that other hold them in high esteem

reputation

refers to prestige, recognition, or fame.

self-esteem

refers to person’s own feeling of worth and confidence.

self-actualization needs

includes self-fulfillment, the realization of all one’s potential, and a desire to become creative in full sense of the word.

aesthetic needs

the need for beauty and aesthetically pleasing experiences.

cognitive needs

the desire to know, solve mysteries, understand, and to be curious.

Neurotic Needs

a non-productive needs that leads to pathology and stagnation.

Expressive Behavior

an end in itself and serve no other purpose than to be. It has no goals or aim but is merely the person’s mode of expression. It can continue even in absence of reinforcement or reward.

Coping Behavior

ordinarily conscious, effortful, learned, and determined by the external environment. It involves attempt to cope with environment.

Metapathology

this is called to the deprivation of self-actualization that leads to absence of values, lack of fulfillment, and the loss of meaning in life.

Instinctoid Nature of Needs

produces pathology

Non-instinctoid Nature of Needs

leads to normal frustration

B-value

indicator of psychological health and refers to ultimate level of need.

Taoistic Attitude

one that would be non-interfering, passive, and receptive.

resacralize

this is to instill human values, emotion, and ritual.