States of Matter and Kinetic Molecular Theory

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the states of matter, kinetic molecular theory, and related physical laws.

States of Matter

The distinct forms that different phases of matter take on, primarily solid, liquid, and gas.

Solid

Matter with a compact structure where particles vibrate but do not move past one another.

Liquid

Matter where particles slide past each other, allowing it to take the shape of its container.

Gas

Matter that has free, random movement of particles, filling any available space.

Temperature

The average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.

Kinetic Molecular Theory

A theory stating that particles are always in motion.

Pressure

The force exerted by a gas per unit area.

SI Unit of Pressure

Pascal (Pa), with 1 atm = 760 Torr = 760 mmHg = 101.3 hPa.

Evaporation

The process where individual particles with higher kinetic energy escape from a liquid's surface into the gas phase.

Boiling

The process where all particles in a liquid have enough kinetic energy to exceed external pressure and become gas.

Kinetic Assumptions for Gases

Dispensable assumptions stating that gas particle motion is completely random and that their volume is negligible.