LESSON 2: Stem, Roots, and Plants

Lenticels

gaseous exchange between the atmosphere and the internal tissue

Apical Bud

produces new leaves and other tissues during primary growth

Axillary Bud

where a leaf connects with the stem

Node

is where the leaf of leaves are attatched to the stem

Internode

the region in between nodes

Root Systems

enable a plant to anchor itself to the soil while absorbing water and minerals to the rest of the body

Roots

have a slimy surface and cylindrical shape that allow the plants to penetrate the soil as they grow in size and also allow water to be absorbed from all directions

Root Cap

the tip of the root that is round in shape and covered with a structure ; protects the plants from rock injury that may damage the roots as it grows

Root Hairs

increase the absorptive capacity of roots and also help anchor the plant in the soil ; they are replaced constantly

Taproot

root system with one main branch

Fibrous

spread out small roots

Anther

the top part that produces and holds the pollen

Filament

the thin stalk that supports the anther

Pollen

the "powder" containing male reproductive cells

Stigma

the sticky tip at the top that catches pollen

Style

the tube-like stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary

Ovary

the swollen base that protects the ovules (becomes the fruit)

Ovule

the "egg" inside the ovary (becomes the seed after fertilization)

Petal

the bright, colorful leaves used to attract pollinators like bees

Sepal

the small green leaves at the base that protect the flower bud before it opens

Receptacle

the thickened part of the stem where all the flower organs are attached