STS 210 - Final Exam

Modernism?

Says nature is a big mechanism that can be explained by Res Cognitans and Res Extensa

Res Cognitans?

The non-physical thanking substance that is distinct from the world of matter

Res Extensa?

The physical world that is separate from the mind

How does Judeo-Christianity spur on the environmental crisis (Lynn White)?

Says God is the only sacred thing and because it doesn’t exist on Earth, the Earth isn’t sacred; also an emphasis on gnosticism, logocentrism and progressive narratives

What is the reason behind the environmental crisis according to Paul Shepard?

Rejection of human nature, biology and animality as a whole in Western culture, humanity views the Neolithic Rev as the birth of our humanity when in reality it was hunter-gathering

Seventh generation amendment?

Way of situating yourself by thinking 7 generations ahead and behind

Murray Bookchin’s issues with deep ecology?

It is misanthropic in nature, calls for an extermination of humans; says it fails to link the environmental crisis with authoritarianism, fails to recognize potential of humans

Dave Foreman?

Started the Earth First movement which used extreme monkeywrenching tactics as a form of protest for the environmental crisis; seen as leader of deep ecology

How is nature pigeonholed by man (Paul Shepard)?

It is made in mans image through our language and science (which doesn’t promote the respect of nature)

How can ecological thinking exist in current time/space?

Must confront our philosophical problems of the meaning of man

How did exploitation of nature begin (Lynn White)?

With humanity’s shift towards agriculture, everything was informed by religion which meant the dominance of man over nature

Why does environmental destruction unequivocally affect Indigenous people (Winona LaDuke)?

The environment is intertwined with their identity, the loss they feel is both personal and cultural

Bresette’s application of seventh generation amendment to the US constitution?

Curbing corporate power, legal protections for the commons, long-term responsibility

Minobimaatisiiwin?

Living the good life in the context of happiness and cultural teachings

In what way is society oil addicts (Winona LaDuke)?

We constantly justify our increased efforts to extract because we lack perspective for other ways to meet our energy demands

Ecofeminism (Karen Warren)?

Refers to the connections between the domination of women and nature

Difference between solidarity and unity?

Unity refers to sameness between members in a group whereas solidarity is where people meet where they are for a common goal

Framework of ecofeminism?

Value-hierarchal thinking, value-dualisms, logic of domination

Deconstruction (Jacques Derrida)?

Process of exploring the concepts of tradition that has been imposed on things, derived from structuralism

Structuralism?

Meanings of words/signs is dependent on the relationship between the signified and signifier

Sexual Politics of Meat (Carol Adams)?

Makes the visual comparison between advertised meat and the portrayal of women in magazines (absent referent or hidden from awareness)

Gerda Lerner vs Andree Collard?

Lerner says that the patriarchy emerged with war/agriculture while Collard says it emerged when men began hunting

Cultural vs radical feminists?

Cultural says the relationship between women and nature is positive (allows us to be sensitive), radical says the relationship is negative

Cyborg feminism (Donna Haraway)?

Says women should be identified as technology because of our essential differences from men

Why do men resist green behaviour?

It is considered unmanly

Don’t mess with Texas campaign?

Originally for anti-littering but was extremely successful in its message, can be applied to male resistance towards green behaviour

Populism?

Framework that represents the political opposition between the people and its oppressive other, people are held together by master/empty signifiers

Master signifier of blue collar workers?

Hard work

Who was the oppressor in the eyes of the freedom convoy?

Justin Trudeau

New elites vs new commoners?

Elites are university-educated, marginalized feminists while commoners are the blue-collar workers

Frontier masculinity?

Represented by the cowboy, associated with rural work outside of civilized values

Just Transition?

A framework for a fair/sustainable shift to a low carbon economy through retraining oil workers, investment in green jobs, etc

What is the key to the dual oppression of both women and nature according to Val Plumwood?

Western focus on rationalism

Relational self?

Where someone is both related and independent in their identity, connected to everything without being a hivemind

Val Plumwood critiques of deep ecology?

Obliterates all distinction, expanded self is an extension of egoism, connection to the cosmos cannot attach us to nature

What is Val Plumwood against?

Thinking of the environment as being embedded in a human-based ETHICAL attitude (should focus on emotion), rights-based ethics (animal-rights) and Western separation from nature