Evolution and Diversity of Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key terms related to the evolution and diversity of gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Gymnosperms

Seed plants with naked seeds, exposed rather than enclosed in fruits.

Angiosperms

Seed plants with closed seeds that are enclosed in fruits.

Vascular cambium

Tissue in seed plants that makes vascular tissue, wood, and inner bark.

Pollen

Mature male gametophyte that allows for the dispersal of male gametes.

Ovules

Structures that provide protection and nutrition to female gametophytes and developing embryos.

Seeds

Structures that allow seed plants to reproduce in various habitats.

Conifers

A group of gymnosperms known for their complex ovule-bearing cones and wind pollination.

Cycadophyta

A division of gymnosperms characterized by tropical, palm-like leaves and distinctive reproduction.

Ginkgophyta

A division of gymnosperms represented by Ginkgo biloba, the only surviving species, known for long lifespan.

Tracheids

Water-conducting cells in the wood of gymnosperms that facilitate water transport.

Double fertilization

A unique process in angiosperms where one sperm fertilizes the egg and another forms endosperm.

Monocots

Angiosperms with one cotyledon in their seeds.

Eudicots

Angiosperms with two cotyledons in their seeds.

Fruits

Developments from ovary walls that aid in seed dispersal.

Endosperm

Tissue that provides nourishment for the developing embryo in angiosperms.

Flowers

Complex reproductive structures of angiosperms designed to attract pollinators.