Unit 8: Cold War and Decolonization

1900-present

Germany

divided into East and West; “iron curtain”

Berlin Blockade

cutting off West Berlin

Berlin Wall

falls in 1989

Warsaw Pact

in response to NATO

Truman Doctrine

US support of containment

nonalignment

countries that refused to take a side; ex. Africa, India

Manchu

fall in 1911

Sun Yat-sen

• Chinese Revolution

• KMT and Westernization

Mao Zedong

• People’s Republic of China

• communist

• collectivized agriculture

• compared to Stalin

• Great Leap Forward

Great Leap Forward

forced industrialization, quotas

Cultural Revolution

persecution of scholars, erasing Western culture

Deng Xiaoping

• modernized

• joint ventures

• communist

• Tiananmen Square Massacre

Korea

invaded by Japan, then split between USSR and US into north and south

Ho Chi Minh

communist, north vietnam/viet cong

Pol Pot

leader of Khmer Rouge in Cambodia

Fidel Castro

communist Cuban leader aligned with USSR

German reunification

projects for reconstruction

Mikhael Gorbachev’s glasnost and perestroika

transparency and reconstruction

USSR falls

separates from Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine

Indian National Congress and Muslim League

to gain rights/independence

India gained independence

after WW2

British partition of India

into India, west and east Pakistan

British formed Union of South Africa:

took many rights away, apartheid

Rwandan Genocide

Hutu vs. Tutsi

fall of Ottomans

middle east split into spheres of influence

Balfour Declaration of 1917

Jewish people had a home in Palestine

Reza Shah Pavlavi

westernized, gave women rights, reformed

Nelson Mandela

leader of African National Congress