Critical Thinking Conditional Arguments

Exam 1 Material

Modus Ponens

VALID p → q

p

therefore, q

Modus Tollens

VALID p → q

~q

therefore, ~p

Denying the Antecedent

INVALID p → q

~p

therefore, ~q

Affirming the Consequent

INVALID p → q

q

therefore, p

Deductive Argument

premises guarantee the conclusion when done right.

Inductive Argument

premises probably lead to the conclusion.