1. Systemic Viral Infections

The causative organism of Measles is __.

Morbillivirus (family Paramyxoviridae).

Koplik Spots are __ on the buccal mucosa seen 48 hours before the rash.

Pathognomonic white/gray/blue elevations on an erythematous base.

The Measles rash is a deep red, macular rash beginning on the __ and spreading cephalocaudally.

face/neck.

The most common cause of measles-associated death in children is __.

Pneumonia.

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) occurs __ after natural measles infection.

7–10 years.

The vitamin supplement recommended for all children with acute measles is __.

Vitamin A.

Rubella is a light pink rash that spreads __ but clears rapidly.

cephalocaudally.

Forchheimer spots are discrete __ on the soft palate seen in Rubella.

rose-colored spots.

The major risk of Rubella infection during pregnancy is __.

Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS).

Classic defects of Congenital Rubella Syndrome include __.

Cataracts, Glaucoma, Deafness, Heart defects (PDA), and Microcephaly.

The causative agent of Roseola is __.

Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6).

The classic clinical course of Roseola includes a sudden high fever for __ days.

3–5 days.

The Roseola rash typically begins on the __.

trunk (chest and back).

A significant complication of the high fever in Roseola is __.

Infantile febrile seizures.

CMV Retinitis presents with __ on fundoscopic exam.

White granular retinitis with intraretinal hemorrhages.

Symptoms of Congenital CMV infection include __.

Microcephaly, periventricular calcifications, chorioretinitis, purpuric rash, and hearing loss.

CMV Mononucleosis differs from EBV Mononucleosis by having prolonged fever but less prominent __.

lymphadenopathy.

The treatment of choice for severe CMV infection is __.

Ganciclovir.

The classic triad of Infectious Mononucleosis symptoms includes __.

Fever, severe sore throat, and lymphadenopathy.

A physical exam finding in 50–60% of Mono cases is __.

Splenomegaly.

If a patient with Mono is mistakenly treated with Amoxicillin, they develop a __.

generalized maculopapular rash.

A characteristic lab finding of Mono is __.

Lymphocytosis with >10% atypical lymphocytes.

The diagnostic test for Mono is __.

Heterophile antibody test (Monospot).

The hallmark symptom of Mumps is __.

Parotitis.

A common complication of Mumps in post-pubertal males is __.

Epididymo-orchitis.

The enzyme frequently elevated in Mumps is __ due to organ involvement.

Amylase.

Poliovirus is transmitted via __.

Fecal-oral route and respiratory droplets.

The characteristic neurologic presentation of Paralytic Polio is __.

Asymmetric flaccid paralysis.

The classic Varicella (Chickenpox) rash is characterized by __.

Crops of lesions in different stages of healing.

Herpes Zoster (Shingles) rash is described as __.

Unilateral and restricted to a single dermatome.

Hutchinson’s Sign indicates vesicles on the tip/side of the nose suggesting __ involvement.

nasociliary branch of the Trigeminal nerve.

The treatment window for antivirals in Shingles is __ hours after rash onset.

within 72 hours.

Chikungunya, Dengue, and Zika are transmitted by __ mosquitoes.

Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

Chikungunya causes severe joint pain, while Dengue is characterized by __.

neutropenia/thrombocytopenia.

Warning signs of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever include __.

Severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, bleeding gums.

The major complication of Zika Virus in pregnancy is __.

Microcephaly.

Morbillivirus belongs to the __ family.

Paramyxoviridae.

Koplik Spots appear __ hours before the Measles rash.

48 hours.

The progression of the Measles rash lasts __ days.

6–7 days.

The most critical vitamin for Measles patients to take is __.

Vitamin A.

In Rubella, the rash is often described as __.

light pink.

Classic defects of Congenital Rubella Syndrome can lead to __ development issues.

serious fetal brain defects.

Roseola is primarily characterized by a sudden high fever followed by __.

a rash.

The presentation of CMV Retinitis on fundoscopic exam resembles __.

pizza pie.

CMV Mononucleosis commonly has less severe __ than EBV Mononucleosis.

throat symptoms.

The treatment for CMV infections is typically administered via __.

Ganciclovir.

In Infectious Mononucleosis, a major laboratory finding is __ lymphocytes.

atypical.

A classic finding of Mono is __ lymphadenopathy.

posterior cervical.

The classic sign of Mumps is a __ of the salivary glands.

swelling.

Following Mumps infection, post-pubertal males often experience __.

Epididymo-orchitis.

One common elevated enzyme in Mumps is __ due to gland swelling.

Amylase.

Paralytic Polio presents with __ paralysis and decreased reflexes.

asymmetric flaccid.

The rash in Chickenpox consists of lesions at __ stages.

different.

Hutchinson’s Sign can lead to __ if not correctly identified.

ocular zoster.

The timeframe for taking antivirals after a Shingles rash is __ hours.

72.

Chikungunya is typically marked by debilitating __ pain.

joint.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever shows signs of __ problems.

bleeding and abdominal.

Zika virus poses significant risk for __ during pregnancy.

fetal brain defects.

Morbillivirus is responsible for __ infections.

Measles.

Koplik Spots are considered __ for Measles.

pathognomonic.

Measles rash originates on the __ and expands downwards.

face.

Childhood Vitamin A supplementation is vital for __.

Measles recovery.

The Rubella rash clears in a __ manner compared to Measles.

rapid.

Congenital Rubella Syndrome causes serious defects notably including __.

Cataracts.

Roseola's rash generally begins on the __ region of the body.

trunk.

High fever in Roseola can lead to __ in infants.

febrile seizures.

CMV Retinitis is characterized by a unique __ appearance.

pizza pie.

Symptoms of Congenital CMV include a purpuric rash known as __.

blueberry muffin.

Infectious Mononucleosis is frequently marked by __ sore throat.

severe.

Amoxicillin can cause a rash in patients with __.

Mono.

A prominent blood test for Mono reveals increased __.

lymphocyte counts.

Mumps is marked by distinct swelling known as __.

Parotitis.

Testicular inflammation due to Mumps is termed __.

Epididymo-orchitis.

Poliovirus involvement leads to __ in the legs and arms.

muscle weakness.

Chickenpox rash is characterized by __ lesions that develop at once.

multiple.

Shingles is typically unilateral and follows a specific __.

dermatome.

Hutchinson’s Sign indicates a higher risk for __ complications.

ocular.

Prompt treatment for Shingles is crucial within __ of symptom onset.

72 hours.

Arboviruses such as Chikungunya are most commonly transmitted by __ mosquitoes.

Aedes.

Chikungunya differs clinically from Dengue by causing severe __ pain.

joint.

Dengue risk signs include __ distress in patients.

abdominal.

Zika virus can lead to severe congenital __ issues.

brain.

The primary virus for Measles is __ from the Paramyxoviridae family.

Morbillivirus.

Koplik Spots help in diagnosing __ infections.

Measles.

Measles rash starts at the face and moves __ on the body.

downward.

Vitamin A is essential for recovery from __.

Measles.

Rubella clears up significantly __ than Measles rash.

faster.

Congenital Rubella Syndrome can particularly affect the __.

eyes.

Typically, the Roseola rash begins on the __ of the body.

trunk.

High fevers may induce __ in infants with Roseola.

seizures.

CMV Retinitis shows __ hemorrhaging on examination.

intraretinal.

Congenital CMV presents with a __ rash.

purpuric.

Common symptoms of Infectious Mononucleosis include __ lymphadenopathy.

posterior cervical.

In Mono, antibiotic treatment can cause a __ rash.

maculopapular.

Laboratory tests for Mono often show marked __.

lymphocytosis.

Mumps is recognized for its hallmark swelling of the __ glands.

salivary.

Among post-pubertal males, Mumps may cause __ pain.

testicular.

Poliovirus predominantly results in __-related paralysis.

lower limb.

The classic Chickenpox rash features __ stages of lesions.

multiple.

Shingles primarily follows the __ of nerve roots.

distribution.