Modern Studies

Recorded Crime

P- Scottish Crime and Justice Survey

Ex - increase in number ot sexual offences

P- Police Recorded Crime

Ex- There was 57 murders in 23/24

Sociological Causes For Crime

P- Poor Role Models

Ex- Young Child Could Look Up To A Gang Leader

P- Drugs and Alcohol

Ex- 67% of violent crime is under the influence

Economic Causes for Crime

P- Unemployment

Ex- 22% of people who are unemployed and claim benefits have comitted crime

P- Poverty

Ex- 10% of most deprived areas in scotland cause 30% of arrivals in prison

Biological Causes of crime

P- Poor Mental Health

Ex- ADHD

P- Lambrosos theory

Ex- Long arms/ Tattoos

Consequence of crime on perpatrator

P- Unemployment

Ex- Andrew Wallace will struggle to find a job as hes in jail for 27 years

P- Jail/Loss of freedom

Ex- Paul green recieved 25 years for being the leader of a OCG

Consequence of crime on a victim

P- Effects mental health

Ex- can leave a victim scared to go places they have before

P- Fiancial Cost

Ex- Someone caught in a scam could go thousands in debt

Consequence Of Crime On Families

P- Negative Impact on Mental Health

Ex- Julie Reillys mother didnt appear in court

P- Impact on familiar relationship

Ex- If Andrew Wallace had kids they wouldnt have a Father Figure

Consequence Of Crime on Community

P-Vandalism

Ex- Burnbank is less desirable as the amount of gang grafitti

P- Community Spirit

Ex- Nidrie Edinburgh has a high police presents cause of 2 shootings

Adult Court System

P-High Court

Ex- Most serious types of crime (Rape,Murder)

P- Sherriff Court

Ex-Serious types of crime (Theft,assault)

P-Justice of the peace court (JOTP)

Ex- least serious types of crime( minor assaults)

Childrens Hearing System

P-ASBO Anti-social behaviour order

Ex- If a child was stealing ir vandalising

P-Supervision Requirement

Ex-If a child was mistreated at home would be re-located

Roles Of Police

P-Investigate

Ex-Spent over a year investigating julie reilly

P-Prevent

Ex- They made a campaign to prevent Modern Slavery (Break the chain)

Structure Of Police

P-Locality Police

Ex- Most high schools have a campus cop

P- Special crime devision (SCD)

Ex-Andrew Wallace case had involved them

Powers Of The Police

P-Stop and search

Ex- 32-307 involving search or seizure from june 2017 to may 2018

P- Arrest

Ex- 98,960 april 1st to march 31st 22/23 by police scotland

Police Are Ineffective

P- Number of unsolved Murders

Ex- 1000 unsolved murders since 1960

P-Recent Rise in violent crime

Ex- Non-Sexual crime has raised by 16% in recent recent years

Police Are Effective

P- Preventions Strategies

Ex- Hamilton Grammar have a community police officer (Campus Cop)

P- investigations they carry out

Ex- used many resources to gather more information on Julie Reilly (Dog and air unit)

Governmant Responses To Crime Effective

P- Minimum Unit Pricing (MUP)

Ex- it rised by 30% in 2024

P-Violence Reduction Unit (VRU)

Ex-non sexual violent crime down 20% since 2010

Government Responses To Crime Ineffective

P- Young People Carrying knifes still a problem

Ex-7,500 young people carry knifes

P-MUP not acted like a deterrent

Ex- 5000 DUI In 2015, 75000 DUI in 2021

Prison system being criticised

P-Amount of drugs in Scottish Prisons

Ex-5000 parcels where intercepted in HMP Barlinnie

P- Overcrowding in Scottish Prisons

Ex- Barlinne had 1.489 during inspect 40% over designed capacity

P-Staff Shortage

Ex- 2016-17 vacancies rose from 47-154

More Money Spent On Prisons

P- Chance To Educate Themselves

Ex- Young offenders HMP YOI Polmont can opt into different SVQ courses (engineering , Painting)

P- Keep Crominals away from society

Ex- Andrew Wallace sentenced to 27 years

Alternatives To Prison

P- It is cheaper

Ex- One prisoner costs £47,000 with £1,900 (community payback service

P-Combat Root of Offending Behaviour

Ex- Drug Treatment and testing order(DTTO) helps drug abuse

P-Prevent Overcrowding

Ex- Home Detention Curfews used to get offenders in and out of prison faster.

Key Features Of USA Political System

P-Seperation of power

Ex- The executive checks the work done by the legislative by carrying it out

P-No one branch can function without the other

Ex-Legislative make a law,Judical cant evaluate it if executive doesnt carry it out

Ways Citizens can participate in their politcal systen

P-Vote

Ex-In 2024 presidential elecetion Trump got more thah Kamala Harris

P-Protest

Ex-2020 BLM protests carried out after the death if george floyd

Political Rights US citizens have

P- Vote

Ex- In 2020 Joe Biden got more votes than Donald Trump in presential election

P- Join Political Party

Ex-Joe Biden Joined the democratic party in 1969

Groups UnderRepresented in USA

P-Young People

Ex-In 2020 election 52% of 18-29 turned out to vote

P- Women

Ex- In 2020 election only 120 women where elected to congress out of 535 seats

USA military influence on other countries

P- Most Money Spent

Ex-$800 billion spent

P-Amount of bases/nukes around world

Ex-7,000 nukes

Political influence on other countries

P-United Nations (UN)

Ex- Vote in veto reolutions that affect global security

P-NATO

Ex-Encourage other countries to follow foreign policy goals

Economic Influence on other countries

P-Attract Business

Ex-90,000 jobs are in American companies

P-Tourism

Ex-USA citizens spent £500mil and made over 450,00 trips to scotland

Some Groups More Socially and ecomically more succesful than others

P- Lack of employment

Ex- 2019, 6% of black , Compared to 2% if white are unkemployed

P-Healthcare

Ex-9% if whites without healthcare compared to 25% of blacks.

Some Groups Experience Social Or Economic Issue

P-Unemployment

Ex-6%blacks and 3% whites are unemployed

P-Life Expectancy

Ex-79yo whites and 75yo whites