Basic Terms and Concepts in Sociology

These flashcards cover key sociological concepts related to culture, status, norms, and cultural diversity, and their implications in society.

What is culture?

The shared way of life of a group of people, including norms, values, language, and traditions.

What are norms?

Expected rules people should follow in a culture, which can change over time.

What do values represent in a society?

The things that people consider important, passed on from person to person.

What are roles in society?

The 'parts' people play, which can include jobs or familial roles, dictating expected behavior.

What is status in society?

The position and importance someone holds within a society.

What is ascribed status?

A status you are born with, such as sex or family position.

What is achieved status?

A status earned based on actions, such as qualifications or accomplishments.

What are sanctions in terms of societal norms?

Measures taken to ensure adherence to norms, which can be positive or negative.

What are positive sanctions?

Rewards for good behavior meant to encourage its continuation.

What are negative sanctions?

Punishments aimed at discouraging negative behavior.

What does cultural diversity refer to?

The presence of multiple cultures, each with its own norms and values, within a society.

What are subcultures?

Smaller cultures within a larger society that may have different norms, values, and practices.

List a positive aspect of cultural diversity.

It allows people to be accepting of others and keeps society fresh with new ideas.

List a negative aspect of cultural diversity.

It may lead to issues such as racism or fear among different cultural groups.