General Pathology MCQS

Is it true that: Disease is a significant disturbance of the homeostasis due to changes in the environment or disturbance in the rebound response of the individual.

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that: Health is a state of imbalance of the organism with the external environment which doesn't allow it to realise its biological potential

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it correct that etiology studies the causes of the diseases

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it correct that pathogenesis studies the mechanisms of healing from a disease?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that morphogenesis studies the consequences of structural changes in the course of a disease?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that sanogenesis studies the mechanisms of development of a disease?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that tanatogenesis studies the changes which occur in the process of death?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that pathomorphosis studies the microscopic and gross changes in the course of a disease?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that cytology is a slow and very informative method?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that biopsy is a slower method but gives maximum information and allows more tests to be done like genetics?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that Van Gieson stain proves collagen fibres that stain in red.

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that PAS reaction is used to prove glycogen which stains in yellow?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that Sudan III is used to prove lipids and they stain in orange?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that Sudan IV is used to prove lipids and they stain in red?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that Perls reaction is used to prove hemosiderin which stains in (Prussian) blue?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that Toluidine Bleu stain used to prove glucosaminoglycans and the tissue demonstrates metachromasia in pink-violet color?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that Congo red is used to prove hyaline which stains in "brick red" and shines like "a green apple" on a polarized light?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Do intracellular accumulations depend on the type and intensity of the injurious stimuli?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it possible that a tattoo can lead to enlargement and inflammation of the local lymph nodes?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Exogenous pigments are divided into organic and nonorganic.

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Endogenous pigments are divided into hemoglobinogenous and non-hemoglobinogenous

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Hemoglobinogenous pigments are divided into iron-containing and non-iron containing.

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Bilirubin is iron-containing pigment.

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Hemosiderin is non-iron-containing pigment.

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Melanin, lipofuscin and adrenochromes are endogenous hemoglobinogenous pigments.

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Hepatocellular jaundice can be seen in malaria and some types of anemia.

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Obstructive jaundice can be seen in cancer of the head of pancreas and in choledocholithiasis

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Haemolyc jaundice is seen in acute hepatitis and in mushroom poisoning.

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is sclerosis the end stage of fibrosis?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that cirrhosis doesn't cause deformation of the affected organ?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that fibrinoid necrosis damages the fibrillary structures of the extracellular matrix but also the cells in the focus?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that fibrosis is only a physiological process and cannot lead to organ deformation and dysfunction?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that grossly, uric acid crystals are white painful nodules on the skin, usually on the extensor surfaces on the extremities

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that the capacity of cell proliferation is the most important factor for the development of hypertrophy or hyperplasia?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it true that dysplasia means that cancer has already developed?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that dysplasia can be found together with cancer?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is thrombus formation possible in the heart cavities?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Are thrombosis and coagulation in normal homeostasis one and the same process?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that inflammatory and immune reactions are completely independent reactions of the organism against pathological agents?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that hypersensitivity of immediate type is related to chronic inflammatory reactions?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true, that hypersensitivity of delayed type IV is related to chronic inflammatory reactions?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Are necrosis and hemorrhages typical findings in adenomas?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is peritonitis possible complication of colon cancer?

a) no

b) yes

b) yes

Is breast fibroadenoma a precancerous lesion?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is fibroadenoma a malignant tumor?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Do benign tumors arising from the smooth muscles have a capsule?

a) no

b) yes

a) no

Do hemangiomas have a capsules?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Are hemorrhages and necrosis in the smooth muscle tumors of uterus a typical sign for malignancy?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that lymphomas are benign tumors?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Are there benign tumors arising from the hemopoetic tissues?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Can hydropic degeneration lead to necrosis of the cells?

from the hemopoetic tissues?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Does PAS- reaction identifies glycogen in the cells?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is hypoxia an important factor for the development of fatty degeneration?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Can gall bladder contain uric acid crystals?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is uric acid infarction related to a circulatory disorder?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is a hypoxia an important factor for development of the fatty degeneration?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is a deposition of the glycogen in the epithelium of the renal tubules a feature of diabetes?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Does plasma leakage play an important role in the development of hyalinosis?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Are lysosomal enzymes important in the inflammatory processes?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is endothelial injury important for thrombosis?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is formalin a suitable fixative for demonstration of neutral lipids?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Perls' reaction is used for demonstrating hemosiderin:

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Could hemolytic jaundice be seen in the newborn?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is the development of amyloidosis possible in systemic diseases of the connective tissue?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Can thrombosis lead to the embolism?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is coagulative necrosis seen in cerebral infarction?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Does apoptosis affect a large group of cells?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Does necrosis affect the cells and extracellular matrix?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is hemosiderin an iron-containing pigment?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Do tumors reverse spontaneously and return to normal structures?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Could serous inflammation be seen in myocardium?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is there a central necrosis in syphilitic granuloma?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Are benign tumors encapsulated?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is serous inflammation a type of exudative inflammation?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is a glomus angioma a vascular tumor?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is metahromasia stained with toluidine blue characteristic for mucoid swelling?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is there a serous inflammation in the myocardium?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Can benign tumors lack capsule:

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is metachromasia characteristic for the mucoid degeneration?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Blood vessels are present in the tubercle granuloma?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Glomus-tumor belongs to endothelial tumors.

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Benign tumors may not have a capsule:

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Are the plasma cells characteristic for tubercle granuloma?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is there a coagulative necrosis in brain infarction?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Can thrombus in v. portae cause arterial emboli in art. pulmonalis ?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that gross changes of the organs are important for the diagnosis?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is brown induration of lungs a reversible change if the mitral stenosis, which cause it, is corrected by a mitral valve prosthesis?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Is it true that amyloid is an abnormal protein that accumulates in the extracellular space and lead to hypertrophy of the parenchymal cells and increased function of the organ?

a) yes

b) no

b) no

Precancerous lesions may have a reverse development (back to normal tissue):

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is there a characteristic macroscopic appearance in organs with hyaline degeneration?

a) yes

b) no

a) yes

Is it possible to find lymphocytes in the focus of acute inflammation?

a) no, lymphocytes are chronic inflammatory cells only

b) yes, they can be seen in the focus of acute inflammation when the etiologic agents are viruses

b) yes, they can be seen in the focus of acute inflammation when the etiologic agents are viruses

Is it possible to find neutrophiles in the focus of chronic inflammation?

a) yes, in case of chronic abscess

b) no, neutrophiles are seen in case of acute inflammation only

a) yes, in case of chronic abscess

Lipoma is a benign tumor from:

a) epithelial

b) mesenchymal origin

b) mesenchymal origin

Specify the characteristic localization of intracellular hyaline degeneration:

a) liver cells

b) vascular endothelium

a) liver cells

When is deathpossibly reversible?

a) clinical features of death

b) biological death

a) clinical features of death

Indicate which cells are found in the granuloma "foreign body" type

a) giant cells Langhans type

b) macrophages

b) macrophages

What may be the ultimate outcome of chronic venous congestion in the liver:

a) cardiac cirrhosis

b) brown induration

a) cardiac cirrhosis

What kind of jaundice develops in cancer of the papilla Vateri?

a) mechanic

b) hemolytic

a) mechanic

Basal cell cancer is localized most frequently:

a) forearm skin

b) facial skin

b) facial skin

Lymphangiomas locate most often:

a) on the face

b) on lips, tongue

b) on lips, tongue