History-Final Module 17 Absolute Monarchs

Ivan the Great

(1462-1505) The Slavic Grand Duke of Moscow, he ended nearly 200 years of Mongol domination of his dukedom. From then on, he worked at extending his territories, subduing the nobles, and attaining absolute power.

Ivan the Terrible

(1533-1584) earned his nickname for his great acts of cruelty directed toward all those with whom he disagreed, even killing his own son. He became the first ruler to assume the title Czar of all Russia.

Peter the Great (1682-1725)

The Romanov czar and absolute ruler who initiated the westernization of Russian society after traveling to the West and upon his return, incorporating techniques of manufacturing, education, expanded military as well as forced Western manners and dress on the traditional Russian nobility.

Catherine the Great

ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796, added new lands to Russia, encouraged science, art, literature, Russia became one of Europe's most powerful nations.

St. Petersburg, Russia

A port city associated with shipbuilding and the primary secondary activities. Peter the Great moved the capitol to this location.

Feudalism in Russia

A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to the Czar. Serfs were used like slaves in Russia.

Winter Palace in St. Petersburg

The name of the Russian palace in St. Petersburg was an aqua-colored royal residence.

St. Basil's Cathedral

Cathedral built in Moscow by Ivan IV.

Tartars

Mongols who conquered Russian cities during the 13th century; left the Russian church and aristocracy intact.

Russian Orthodox Church

The church of Russia, branch of; supported the Tsar; There was a gap between poor parish peasants and rich bishops.

Third Rome Theory

Moscow was viewed as the Third Rome as the political and religious center of Russia (replacing Kiev). It was called this after Constantinople fell to the Turks in 1453.

Kievan Rus

State that emerged around the city of Kiev in the ninth century C.E.; a culturally diverse region that included Vikings as well as Finnic and Baltic peoples. The conversion of Vladimir, the grand prince of Kiev, to Orthodox Christianity in 988 had long-term implications for Russia.