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3 parts of crime scene sketch?
Legend, Key, Sketch
Scene Sketch Methods? (6 of them)
Pattern, Line (strip), Grid, Zone, Spiral, Wheel/Ray
Define: Person of Interest
Someone who law enforcement thinks may have information related to a possible crime
Define: Polygraph test
A test sometimes used in forensic cases to determine the truthfulness of someone who may be connected to a possible crime, also known as lie detector tests
Define: Vital Signs
Measurements(pulse rate, temperature, respiration rate, blood pressure) that indicate the state of a patient’s essential body functions
Define: Baseline/Control Group (for forensics)
The group in an experiment where the variable is left alone to serve as a standard for comparison to the group being tested.
Define: Heart Rate
How many times your heart beats in one minute
Define: Blood pressure
Force of blood on blood vessel’s walls
Define: Respiration Rate
How many breaths taken in one minute
Define: Skin Conductivity
How the amount of sweat produced impacts the ability to conduct electricity
Experimental design step (6)
Identify the question, make a prediction, design an experiment, conduct experiment, analyze data, communicate findings
Forensic Footprints
evidence that can be examined to trace our activities and provide a record of where we have been
Digital Footprints
evidence that can be analyzed from things online
Trace evidence
tiny fragments of physical evidence such as hairs, clothing fibers, carpeting, pieces of glass
Locard’s Principle
Every time you make contact with another person, place, or thing, it results in an exchange of physical materials
Cortex:
hair shaft is located between the hair cuticle and medulla and is the thickest hair layer
Cuticle:
the hair strand's outermost layer that offers a natural color and protects it from damage
Medulla:
Innermost layer of hair
Anagen:
the hair grows
Catagen:
The follicle Shrinks
Telogen:
The hair sheds
List the 4 different fingerprint patterns
Loop, whorl, arch, tented arch
Minutiae:
Tiny fingerprint patterns experts use to compare fingerprints
What is a erythrocyte?
red blood cell
What is a leukocyte?
White blood cell
What is thrombocytes?
Platelets
What does plasma do?
redistributes water where your body needs it
What does erythrocyte do?
carries oxygen to the body
What does a leukocyte do?
Fights infection and diseases
What does thrombocyte do?
Prevents and stops bleeding
Presumptive Blood testing:
Initial testing that suggests a sample is blood- identifies the properties of hemoglobin
Confirmatory Blood testing:
confirms the presence of blood at a crime scene. test antigens in blood
Presumptive test types:
Leukocrystal Violet (LCV), Luminol, Kastle-Meyer
Define: Antigens
Anything that stimulates a immune response
Define: Aggulation
The clumping of blood particles
Universal Blood Donor
type o blood
Universal recipient
AB positive
Different ways blood can be on a surface?
Transfers, spatters, falling droplets force and direction, radial spatter
Define: Phosphate
a sugar, one of four nitrogenous bases
What does Deoxyribose sugar do?
Connects DNA bases
Define: adenine
A component of nucleic acids found in DNA and RNA. Is a purine base.
Define: Cytosine
A component of nucleic acids; a pyrimidine base
Define: Thymine
A component of nucleic acids; a pyrimidine base
Define: Guanine
A component of nucleic acids found in DNA and RNA. Is a purine base.
Which is phosphate?
Green
Which is Deoxyribose Sugar?
Orange
Which is Adenine?
purple
Which is Thymine?
Pink
Which is Cytosine?
Blue
Which is Guanine?
Coral
Polymerase Chain Reaction:
A lab technique for making multiple copies of a DNA sequence
Restriction Enzymes:
Cuts DNA sequences at restriction sites
Restriction Sites:
A sequence of DNA where a restriction enzyme cuts
Restriction Digest(DNA digest)
The process of cutting DNA molecules into smaller pieces using restriction enzymes
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)
Variations in DNA fragment sizes produced when DNA is cut with restriction enzymes. Variation in length are due to differences in each organism’s DNA sequence.
Purpose of micropipette?
Transfer precise micro volumes of liquid
Morgue:
where bodies are temporarily kept while pending identification or release for burial or autopsy
Autopsy:
a postmortem evaluation to determine cause of death
Cause of death:
The specific injury trauma or disease that directly caused the victim’s death (ex. gunshot wound)
Mechanism of death:
What happens inside the body to result in death (ex.blood loss)
manner of death:
The circumstances that result in death which are designated as natural or unnatural
Muscular System function
moves the body and moves substances around the body; maintains posture; produces heat
Muscular System includes:
Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth muscles
Skeletal System function
Protects and supports body organs; provides a framework the muscles use to cause movements; stores minerals
Skeletal System includes
Bones, joints
Respiratory System functions
Assists with gas exchange with external environment; keep blood supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Respiratory System includes
Nasal cavity, trachea, lungs, bronchus
Circulatory System functions
Pumps blood around body; transports oxygen
Circulatory system includes
heart, blood vessels (veins, arteries, capillaries)
Digestive system functions
Breaks down food into nutrient molecules; absorbs nutrients; rids the body of waste
Digestive system includes
Oral cavity, esophagus, small and large intestine, stomach
Nervous system functions
responds to internal and external changes by acting an appropriate response; processes information
Nervous system includes
brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors
Immune system functions
Filter fluid in the body; attacks foreign substances like germs
Immune system includes
lymph nodes, pathogens, white blood cells, antibodies
Physiological Tome of death
The time when the decedent’s vital functions actually ceased
Estimated Time of death
the time the medical examiner estimates that the death occurred
Legal time of death
the time of death recorded on the death certificate
Algor mortis
change in body tempreture
Rigor mortis
Stiffening of the body
Livor mortis
Pooling of blood on the parts of the body that is touching the ground
Glaister Equation use
Approximate the time since death
define: Histology
Study of microscopic structures
PNS- peripheral nervous system
All the nerves in the body
CNS- central nervous system
The brain and spinal cord
Occipital Lobe
receives and processes sensory nerve impulses from eye
Parietal Lobe
Crucial in integrating sensory and visual information
Frontal lobe
Planning and organizing incoming information controls behavior and emotion
Temporal lobe
processes language, stores information in long term memory
Epithelial Tissue
absorbs, secretes, protects, and sense for us
Connective tissue
supports and connects other tissues
Nervous tissue
receives, interprets, and responds to signals
Muscle tissue
makes up muscles in the body, provides ability to contract
What is number 1?
right atrium
What is number 2?
Right Ventricle
What is number 3?
Left Atrium
What is number 4?
Left ventricle
What is number 5?
Pulmonary artery
What is number 6?
Aorta
What is number 7?
Superior vena cava
Note
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