8.3 Language Production

Language Production

What model explains production?

Levelt’s 1993 Model.

What are the three phases of language production?

• Conceptualization

• Formulation

• Articulation

Phase 1 — Conceptualization (Planner) → What happens in this phase?

• Select idea → create pre-verbal message.

Phase 1 — Conceptualization (Planner) → Is it conscious?

Intentional but not fully conscious.

Phase 2 — Formulation → What occurs here?

• Pre-verbal message is translated into linguistic form.

Two components in the Formulation phase

• Grammatical encoding → choose words & structure

• Phonological encoding → create phonetic plan

What is a phonetic plan? In Formulation

Representation of ordered linguistic units needed for articulation.

Phase 3 — Articulation → What is articulation?

Executing motor commands to produce speech sounds.

Where does articulatory planning occur?

Motor cortex + speech articulation systems.

When is articulation unnecessary?

During internal (silent) speech.